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5248 Integrated Systems: Tokyo Drift > Endocrine Physiology - Arroyo > Flashcards

Endocrine Physiology - Arroyo Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine?

A

Exocrine has ducts

Endocrine has ductless glands

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2
Q

What are the amino acid derivative hormones?

A

Tyrosine

Tryptophan

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3
Q

List some examples of Tyrosine and Tryptophan hormone derivatives

A

Tyrosine- Thyroid hormones and catecholamines

Tryptophan- seratonin and melatonin

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4
Q

What types of peptide derivative hormones?

A

Glycoprotein
Small peptide
Short chain polypeptide

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5
Q

List some examples of Glycoprotien, small peptide, and short chain polypeptide hormones

A

Glycoprotein- TSH, LH, FSH
Small peptide- GH
Small chain polypeptide- ADH and oxytocin

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6
Q

What are types of lipid derivative horomones?

A

Eicosanoids

Steroid

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7
Q

List some examples of eicosanoids and steroid hormones

A

Eicosanoids- leukotrienes and prostaglandins

Steroids- estrogens, progesterins, corticosteroids, calcitrols

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8
Q

What is the difference between free vs. steroid/thyroid hormones?

A

Free hormones only stay in the system for a hour while steroid/thyroid hormones are “bound”

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9
Q

Which types of hormones are lipid soluble?

A

Eicosanoids

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10
Q

Which types of hormones are not lipid soluble and use extracellular receptors?

A

Catecholamines and Peptide hormones

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11
Q

What are some important second messengers?

A

Ca
cAMP
cGMP

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12
Q

What are the three different types of endocrine stimuli

A

Humoral- changes in extracellular matrix
Hormonal- arrival or removal of hormone
Neural- arrival of neurotransmitters at neuroglandular junctions

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13
Q

What is the difference between simple and complex endocrine reflexes?

A

Simple- need one hormone

Complex- need two or more hormones

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14
Q

What are the four types of endocrine reactions?

A

Antagonist- work against eachother
Synergistic- work with eachother
Passive- one hormone needs the other to fully function
Integrative- effects occur when hormone interacts with target organ

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15
Q

What connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus?

A

Infundibulum

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16
Q

What are the three parts of the anterior pituitary?

A

Pars distalis, intermedius, and tuberalis

17
Q

What is the function of the median eminence?

A

It is the swelling at the end of the infundibulum

It releases regulatory factors through the fenestrated capillaries

18
Q

What is the portal system used for?

A

To make sure that the regulatory factors reach target cells before entering circulation

19
Q

What are the anterior pituitary hormones?

A

LH, FSH, ACTH, TSH, GH, and PR

20
Q

What is the function of lutenizing hormone (LH)?

A

Females: regulates ovulation and progesterone
Males: testosterone

21
Q

What is the function of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

Females: maturation of the egg and estrogen
Males: maturation of sperm

22
Q

What is the function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

A

stimulates the production and secretion of corticosteroids

23
Q

What is the function of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

A

Stimulates the thyroid to release hormones

24
Q

What is the function of prolactin (PRL)?

A

Females: mammary gland growth and breast milk production
Males: signals interstitial cells to be sensitive to LH

25
Q

What is the function of growth hormone or somatotropin?

A

Stimulates growth and division

Targets all cells in the body

5248 Integrated Systems: Tokyo Drift (15 decks)

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