Brain & Nerves - Novak Flashcards
What encompasses the Central Nervous System?
Brain and Spinal Cord
What encompasses the Peripheral Nervous System?
Cranial Nerves
Spinal Nerves
Ganglia
Sensory nervous system is also called what?
Afferent
Motor nervous system is also called what?
Efferent
What are somatic sensory nerves function?
Receives sensory from skin, joints, skeletal muscles, and special senses
What are visceral sensory nerves function?
Receives sensory from viscera like the gut
What are somatic motor nerves function?
Voluntary movement; innervates skeletal muscles
What are autonomic motor nerves function?
Involuntary movement; innervates heart, intestines, and glands
What are gyri?
Bumps in the cerebrum
What are sulci?
Invaginations in the cerebrum
Grey matter is located where in the cerebrum?
On the outside
Name the four main sulcus on the cerebrum
Lateral
Central
Longitudinal
Parietooccipital
What is the insula?
Part of the brain for taste; located underneath temporal and parietal parts of the brain
What is the function of the precentral gyrus?
Motor cortex
What is the function of the postcentral gyrus?
Sensory cortex
For both the pre and postcentral gyruses, what is it predominately dedicated to?
Hands and Face
What is Broca’s area?
In charge of developing and vocalizing words
What is Wernike’s area?
Allows comprehension of language
Coordinates audio and visual memories
Left Hemisphere is mostly in control of what?
Reading, writing, speech, decision making, math
Right Hemisphere is mostly in control of what?
Art, creativity, senses
What are the association tracts?
Communicates within one hemisphere
What are the commissural tracts?
Communicate between the two hemispheres
What are the projection tracts?
Communicate from the brain down the spinal cord
What is basal nuclei?
Grey matter within the white matter
What is in the diencephalon?
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Epithalamus
Describe the function of the thalamus
Relay center
“Train Station”
Describe the function of the hypothalamus
Many functions: hormonal control, behavior, hunger, emotion, temperature control, sleep, memory
Describe the function of the pineal gland
Sleep
Describe the function of the cerebellum
Controls gait, fine motor skills, balance, coordination
Describe the function of the medulla
Breathing, HR, reflexes, cardiac center
Describe the function of the pons
Involved in respiration and relaying information
The limbic system is also known as what?
The emotional brain; involved in motivation, emotion, and memory
The dura mater is composed of what two layers?
Peritoneal and the Meningeal layers
What are the four dural septa?
Falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, diaphragma sellae
Cerebral spinal fluid is made from what structure?
Choroid plexus
What is the function of CSF?
Buoyancy, protection, environmental stability
