endocrine and lymphatic system Flashcards
which gland secretes products INTO DUCTS that empty onto a surface or into a cavity
Exocrine gland
the sweat glands and salivary glands
(lymph nodes) are apart of which gland ?
Exocrine gland
which gland are ductless glands and secrete hormones
endocrine gland
“Too much” hormone
hypersecretion
“Too little” hormone
hyposecretion
chemical “messengers” of the endocrine system that are released into the blood
hormones
what are the 2 major classes of hormones ?
nonsteroid and steroid
which hormone is the lipid soluble ?
steroid
which hormone passes through the plasma membrane ?
steroid
which hormone is the “FIRST MESSENGERS” providing information between endocrine glands and target organs ?
nonsteroid
the “MALE SEX HORMONE”
testosterone
hormone that regulates “SLEEP PATTERNS”
melatonin
which gland is called the “THIRD EYE”
Pineal gland
cell acted on by a particular hormone and responding to it
target cell
which gland is located in the diencephalon of the brain ?
Pineal gland
what does the pineal gland secrete
melatonin
which gland is a neuroendocrine gland located beneath the hypothalamus of the brain ?
Pituitary gland
- endocrine gland that straddles the anterior trachea
-secretes the amine hormone “thyroid hormone”
-secretes the peptide “ calcitonin”
Thyroid Gland
“SECOND MESSENGER” that provides communication within a hormone’s target cell
(affect cell activity)
cyclic AMP
steroid hormones have a _______ response than nonsteroid hormones
slower
_______ feedback reverse the direction in a physiological system (temp.)
negative
______ feedback amplifyes phsiological changes rather then reverse them
(contractions in pregnancy)
Positive
what two lobes make up the pituitary gland ?
anterior (adenohypophysis)
posterior ( neurohypopysis)
which lobe secretes
-LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
-FSH (Follicle- Stimulating Hormone)
-GH (Growth Hormone)
-TSH (Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone)
-ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
-PRL (Prolactin)
anterior (adenohypophysis)
which lobe secretes
-ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
-OT (Oxytocin)
in the hypothalamus
posterior (neurohypophysis)
which lobe has epithelial structure of the endocrine gland ?
adenohypophysis
which lobe has the cellular struction of the nervous tissue ?
neurohypophysis
what cavity is the pituitary gland located in ?
brain cavity
these terms are which hormone
T3 ( Triiodothyronine)
T4 ( Thyroxine)
nonsteroid
Which hormone “REGULATES BLOOD CALCIUM LEVEL” (INCREASES)
Parathyroid (PTH)
Which hormone “Decreases the amount of calcium”
Calcitonin (CT)
what two glands make up the adrenal gland ?
adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
the adrenal cortex is the ______ part of the adrenal gland and made up of gladular epithelium
outer
the adrenal medulla is the _______ part and made up of the nervous tissue
inner
the 3 zones of layers of cells make up which gland
-the outer zone (mineralocorticoids)
-the middle zone (glucororticoids)
-the inner layer zone ( sex hormones a.k.a adrogens)
adrenal gland
help control the amounts of certain mineral salts in the blood (mainly sodium chloride)
-secrete aldosterone
mineralocorticoids
aldosterone ______ blood calcium and _______ blood potassium
increase, decrease
which adrenal gland secretes epinephrine (EPI) and nonreinephrine (NR)
adrenal medulla
glucocorticoids help the body _____ stress
“fight of flight” response to danger (stress)
avoid
what are the 2 kinds of cells in the pancreatic iselts?
alpha cells (A cells) and Beta cells (B cells)
_____ cells secrete glucagon
Alpha cells
_____ cells secrete insulin
Beta Cells
a chemical process where the glucose stored in the liver cells form glycogen and converted to glucose
glycogenolysis
insulin ____ the blood glucose concentration
decreases
these terms _____ the blood glucose concentration
-glucocorticoids
-growth hormone
-glucogen
increase
70 to 100 MG/DL is a _______ blood glucose level
normal
which hormone secretes thyroid hormone ?
Thyroid- Stimulating hormone (TSH)
which hormone stimulates growth of the adrenal cortex
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Which hormone
(FEMALE) - stimulates development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estogens
(MALE)- stimulates seminiferous tubules of testes to grow and produce sperm
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
which hormone stimulates growth in all organs, mobilzes nutrient molecules causing increase in the blood glucose concentration
Growth hormone (GH)
which gland is the body’s defence against infections by making antibodies
(located near the heart)
Thymus gland
inner part of kidney which produces epineprine and nonrepinephrine
medulla
outter part of kidney which produces corticosteroids ( help body deal with long-term stress)
cortex
the condition in which the bodys bones become weak and break easily
osteoporosis
a condition affecting nerves causing muscle spasms and low calcium in blood
tetany
“Too much” insulin in the blood
Hypoglycemia
“Too much” Growth hormone (GH)
Hyperglycemia
