Chapter 22: Growth, Development and Aging Flashcards
when does the prenatal period begin ?
at conception and ends at birth
when does the postnatal period begin ?
begins at birth and continous until death
the term that is at the moment the female ovum and the male sperm unit
fertilization
which period development continues until the birth of the child to 39 weeks
prenatal
the development of the offspring before birth
embryology
conception occurs in the __________
uterine tube
_____ occurs in the oviduct
fertilazation
the field of study for the aging process
gerontology
what is the perfect Apar score for a newborn
10
how many days after fertilization does it take to form a morula ?
3
a solid mass of cells
morula
where does the female reproductive tract does fertilazation occur ?
oviduct
spontaneous birth is another name for
miscarriage
what are the 3 primary layers that form the first trimester of pregnancy ?
-ectoderm
-mesoderm
-endoderm
what structure anchors the developing offspring to the uterus and provide a “bridge” for exchange of nutrients and waste products between mother and baby ?
placenta
where does fertilazation occur during in vitri fertilazatio ?
In a glass laboratory dish
what stage of labor is the process of expulsion of the placenta through the vagina
stage 3
what stage of labor is the postpartum period the time after the baby is born
stage 4
the first 2 weeks after delivery
postpartum
the ovum just after fertilazation
zygote
the term that is used starting the third week after fertilazation until the end of week 8 of gestration
embryonic phase
the term that a embryo that flost in a fluid-filled shock absorbing sac
amniotic cavity
which period defines the length of pregnancy 39 weeks
gestration period
the hollow ball of cells
blastocyst
which period does
-it includes the time until birth
-it includes the time of conception
-last 39 weeks
prenatal period
what trimester has these features
-facal features are present
-body is 7 to 8 cm long
-the sex of the fetus is indentifiable
-the eyes and limb buds are clearly visible
first trimester
what term is an important site of hematopeiesis during the embryonic development
yolk sac
a female that consumes ____ will have these affects
-small head
-low birth weight
-mental retardation
alcohol
_____ has these functions during pregnancy
-excretory function
-respiratory function
-nutritional function
-endocrine function
placenta
which disorder is a fetus has cogenital deformities due to mother comsuming alcohol
noninherited cogenital disorder
which infection can penetrate the placenta and cause fetal development defects
syphilis
the fetus heart beat is detectable in ___ weeks
5
what stage of labor does
-onset contrations until deilation of the cervix is complete
-amniotic membranes rupture
stage 1
these terms describe what process
-menopause
-dementia
-skin becomes dry,thin and inelastic
-hypertention
the aging process
which primary layer are these term
-tonsils
-bladder
-parathyroid gland
endoderm
which forms, meiotic division of the secondary oocyte produces a second polar body and a mature fertilized ovum
zygote
childhood, adulthood, adolescence, oolder adulthood describe which development period
postnatal
skin color, heart rate, respiration and muscle tone determine a newborm baby ______
apar score
gonads and kidneys are develop in which primary layer
mesoderm
brain, outer layer, lens and cornea of the eye are develop in which primary layer
ectoderm
yolk sac and amniotic cavity structures are developed from the inner cell mass of ______
blastocyst
these structures trophoblast and inner cell mass make up what structure
blastocyst
the effect on the skeletal system that occurs in the aging process
lipping
what stage of labor does this occur
-maximal cerical dilation
-newborn passes through the vagina
second stage
which test allows health-care providers to detect and repair cogenital anomalies prior to birth
3 dimension ultrsound
which terms that describe when the fertilized ovum implants in the uterus
implantation
the ‘‘barrier’’ that can protect the developing baby from many harmful substances that can enter the baby blood sterm
placenta
the development of the offspring before birth
embryology
what occurs after 35 days of fertilization
baby heart is beating
the period of week 9 to week 39 is what term
fetal phase
another name for embryo
fetus
inspecialized cells that reproduce to form specific lines of specialized cells, that can produce many different cells
stem cells
inside layer of primary layer
endoderm
middle layer of the primary layer
mesoderm
outside layer of the primary layer
ectoderm
the process of how primary layers develop into tissue
histogenesis
the way tissues arrange themselves in organs
organogenesis
when two sex cells unite form a single- celled _____
zygote
developmental problems present at birth
birth defects
birth defects caused by exposure to environmental factors (x-rays, drugs, inefctions)
teratogens
abnormal genes, nutritional deficiencies and abnormal number of chromosomes are examples of _____
birth defects
the process of giving birth
parturition
the term that describes when the fetus fails to turn head downward and the feet are born first
breech birth
surgical procedure where the newborn is delivered through an incision in the abdomen
cesarean section
labor that last from 6 to 24 hours
stage 1
Labor that last from a few minutes to an hour
stage 2
labor that occurs in 15 minutes
stage 3
the first recognizable movements of the fetus “kick”
quickening
define fetal alcohol syndrome
alcohol enters the fetal bood
what period begins at birth and last about 18 months
infancy
the period that is the first 4 weeks of infancy
neonatal period
the specialty of diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the newborn
neonatology
birth weight ____ in the first 4 months and _____ in by one year
double, triples
what month can an infant follow a moving object with eyes
2 months
what month can a baby lift the head and raise the chest
3 months
what month can a baby sit when supported
4 months
what month can a baby crawl
10 months
what month can a baby stand alone
12 months
what month can a toddler run
18 months
what stage extends from the end of infancy to sexual maturity or puberity
childhood
what stage rapid and intense growth physical growth which results to sexual maturity
adolescents
the secretion of sex hormones
secondary sex characterstics
which eye condition is hardening of the lens
presbyopia
which eye condition is when the lens become cloudy
cataract
what is an eye disorder that causes increase in eye pressure within eyeball
glaucoma
blockage of the artery
atherosclerosis
the term that refers to heart attack
myocardial infarction
high blood pressure
hypertension
