Endo (Mental dental) Flashcards
What type of tissue is pulp?
Loose connective tissue
What types of cells in the pulp secrete primary and secondary dentin?
Odontoblasts
What types of cells in the pulp secrete tertiary dentin?
Undifferentiatied mesenchymal cells
_____ dentin : pulpal response marked by calcification of tubules in response to slowly advancing caries or aging
Sclerotic dentin
_____ dentin: dentin reaction to minor damage
Reactionary dentin
____dentin: dentin reaction to major damage
Reparative dentin
_______: rapid response to rapidly advancing caries or other severe damage
Pulpal necrosis
What type of fiber is a large myelinated afferent nerve conveying sharp pain?
A delta
What type of fiber is a smaller unmyelinated nerve conveying dull pain?
C fiber
Reduced pain threshold , pain due to stimulus that does not normally cause a painful response
Allodynia
Heightened response to pain
Hyperalgesia
Pre auricular pain usually refers from what teeth
?
Mand molars: V3
What is the least reliable vitality test?
EPT
Thermal causes quick hypersensitive response
Caused by irritant
Reversible pulpitis
What is the periapical dx if pt has a DST?
CAA
What shape is the max incisors for access?
Triangular
What is the shape of access for mand molars?
Trapezoidal
What shape is the access of max molars?
Blunted triangle or rhombus
What is the color code for files in ascending order of diameter?
White
Yellow
Red
Blue
Green
Black
What is used to dissolve gutta percha is retreatment?
Chloroform
What is a common ingredient in sealer and gutta percha?
Zinc oxide eugenol
What is the hard tissue equivalent of I&D?
Trephination
In a apico, how much root tip is cut off?
3mm in a shallow bevel
In an apico, how much gp is removed and then retrograde sealed?
3mm
What material is used to fill the apico?
MTA
The earlier or later? into the RCT process the file breaks, the better the prognosis?
Later
A ____ perforation is common on mand molars on the distal side of the mesial root
Strip perf
What teeth are more prone to get strip perf?
Mesial root of mand molars (distal aspect)
How is a perf repaired?
MTA
Does a more coronal or apical perf have a better prognosis?
Apical
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Enamel only
Class 1
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Enamel and dentin
Class 2
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Enamel, dentin, and pulp
Class 3
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Traumatized tooth that has become non-vital
Class 4
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Luxation
Class 5
Ellis classification class _____ (trauma)
Avulsion
Class 6
In what scenarios should abx and tetanus booster be recommended for trauma?
Avulsion
If a traumatized tooth has pulp exposed for less than 24 hours, what is treatment?
Direct pulp cap
If a traumatized tooth has pulp exposed for more than 24 hours, what is treatment?
Cvek’s pulpotomy (partial pulpotomy)
If a traumatized tooth has pulp exposed for more than or equal to 72 hours, what is treatment?
Pulpotomy
What xrays should be taken for horizontal root fracture?
3 PAs (shift shots) and 1 occlusal radiograph
IF a tooth is vital, how do you tx horizontal root fracture?
Splint ASAP (more rigid for longer for coronal fractures; more flexible for less time for apical fx)
IF a tooth is necrotic, how do you tx horizontal root fracture?
RCT
How do you treat concussion of tooth?
LEt it rest
How should a subluxation be treated?
Flexible splint 1-2 wks
How do you treat an intrusion with an immature tooth?
ALlow to re-erupt
How do you treat an intrusion with closed apex?
Reposition, flexible splint, RCT
____ resorption: damage to cementoblastic layer
Moves with angled radiographs
External resoprtion
___ resorption: damage to odontoblastic layer
Does not move with angled radiographs
Well defined margins
Internal resportions
Trauma induces odontoblasts to form extensive amounts of reparative dentin within pulp space
Calcific metamorphisis
_____ targets odontoblasts to stimulate secondary dentin: dentin bridge formation
CaOH
____ targets cementoblasts to stimulate hard tissues
Sets in presence of moisture
Antimicrobial
Non-resorbable
3 hour setting time
3 minerals: calcium, silicone, aluminum
MTA
Removal of partial coronal portion of diseased pulp tissue
Carious or mechanical exposure <2mm
Cvek’s pulpotomy
Removal of diseased pulp of the coronal portion of the tooth only
Pulpotomy
What material is used to fix the pulp/ cover the pulp in a pulpotomy?
Formocresol
Removal of diseased coronal and radicular pulp
Usually done to bridge the gap until RCT can be done
Pulpectomy
Which teeth are commonly extracted in case of diseased primary pulp?
Primary first molars
Purpose: maintain pulp vitality to stimulate root development and allow body to make a stronger root
Use MTA and CaOH on healthy or disease pulp
Includes any Pulpotomy, IPC, DPC, Cvek performed on immature permanent tooth
Apexogenesis
Disinfeciton of root followed by induction of an acceptable apex barrier
CaOH or MTA is used to at base of canal to seal off apex after pulpectomy is done taking out diseased or healthy pulp
Includes any pulpectomy done on an immature perm tooth
Apexification
What is the most reliable testing method for endo testing?
Percussion
SIP in which site refers to the ear?
Mand molars
In cracked tooth syndrome, what directions do cracks usually run?
MD
What is the best way to evaluate cracked tooh syndrome?
Dyes and lights
Which tissues will not regenerate followoing RCT?
Dentin
cementum
PDL
Bone
Dentin
What is the ideal tx option for VRF?
TE
If you have a perio endo lesion, what tx do you do first?
Endo
What type of bacteria is found in a necrotic pulp needing RCT?
Obligate anaerobes (Bacteriodes)
What type of bacteria is found in a PT tooth needing retreatment?
Facultative anaerobe
Where is the danger zone for strip perfs on mand molars?
Distal aspect of mand molars on mesial root
What constitiues the largest portion of gutta percha material?
Zinc oxide
What type of file is a K type file?
stainless steel
____ is an irigant used to disinfect canal and dissolve organic material
Sodium hypochlorite
_____ is a chelating agent use to dissolve inorganic material to clear smear layer of dentin
EDTA
