Enamel

Question 1

enamel is the only __________ tissue

Answer 1

acellular

Question 2

T/F: enamel can remodel and repair

Answer 2

false

Question 3

what is the composition of enamel

Answer 3

96% hydroxyapatite

Question 4

what is the major function of enamel

Answer 4

mastication

Question 5

what is the basic building block of enamel

Answer 5

rod

Question 6

enamel rods run from where to where

Answer 6

DEJ to enamel surface

Question 7

these are thin proteinaceous layers, enveloping enamel rods

Answer 7

rod sheath

Question 8

seen as profound lines in ground enamel sections

Answer 8

stria of retzius

Question 9

what might stria of retzius be related to

Answer 9

metabolic changes

Question 10

the most accentuated stria of retzius is known as what

Answer 10

neonatal line

Question 11

what structures are found at the DEJ

Answer 11

enamel tufts, enamel lamellae, and enamel spindles

Question 12

enamel tufts contain less _________ and more __________

Answer 12

less mineral and more organic material

Question 13

enamel tufts play a role in what

Answer 13

toughening enamel

Question 14

enamel tufts serve as anchors of _______ to ________

Answer 14

enamel to dentin

Question 15

enamel tufts are rich in ___________

Answer 15

proteins

Question 16

enamel lamellae contain more ___________ and less ___________

Answer 16

more organics and less minerals

Question 17

where does the enamel lamellae originate

Answer 17

DEJ

Question 18

enamel lamellae play a role in doing what

Answer 18

toughening enamel

Question 19

when are enamel spindles formed

Answer 19

at presecretory stage

Question 20

enamel spindles are continuous with what

Answer 20

dentinal tubules

Question 21

enamel spindles contain __________ crossing over the DEJ

Answer 21

odontoblasts

Question 22

scalloping of the dentin surface __________ the area of interface between enamel and dentin

Answer 22

increases

Question 23

fluorapatite is _______ soluble than hydroxyapatite

Answer 23

less

Question 24

fluorapatite is more stable at a _____ pH

Answer 24

low

Question 25

process of enamel formation

Answer 25

amelogenesis

Question 26

differentiation of cells of enamel organ and dental papilla lead to what

Answer 26

appositional growth phase

Question 27

cells of inner enamel epithelium, cap stage

Answer 27

morphogenetic stage

Question 28

bell stage, preameloblast

Answer 28

histodifferentiation

Question 29

lacks Tome's process, bell stage

Answer 29

presecretory-initial secretory stage

Question 30

well defined Tome's process, enamel thickness deposited, bell stage

Answer 30

secretory stage

Question 31

removal of organic material, thickening of mineral crystals

Answer 31

maturation stage

Question 32

cells differentiate, develop secretory phenotype

Answer 32

preameloblasts

Question 33

when does the beginning of the basal lamina degradation start

Answer 33

preameloblast stage

Question 34

degredation of basal lamina

Answer 34

presecretory ameloblasts

Question 35

in the presecretory ameloblast stage cells secrete initial _________ enamel layer

Answer 35

rodless

Question 36

secrete the bulk of enamel

Answer 36

secretory ameloblasts

Question 37

what develop's Tome's process

Answer 37

secretory ameloblasts

Question 38

crystals are oriented ____________ to the surfaces from which enamel rod is secreted

Answer 38

perpendicular

Question 39

major ECM protein

Answer 39

amelogenin

Question 40

mutations in amelogenin lead to what

Answer 40

amelogenesis imperfecta

Question 41

amelogenesis imperfecta is more common in who

Answer 41

men

Question 42

when does mineral thickening begin

Answer 42

secretory stage

Question 43

crystal sizes increase during what

Answer 43

enamel maturation