Emotion and Development Flashcards
What does the developmental theory of emotion acknowledge about emotional development?
That emotional development is partially programmed and other aspects of emotion are responsive to the context in the environment.
How can researchers induce emotions in infants?
- By having the mother attempt to induce the emotion through interactions with her child. 2. Films.
What is a problem with having mothers induce emotions in infants?
They are not always good actors.
Children who have been maltreated or were early victims of abuse often develop what kind of detriments?
They show detriments in responding to emotional expressions of, and in forming emotional attachments to, their caregivers.
What part of the brain was smaller in children who were early victims of maltreatment of abuse?
The prefrontal cortex.
Describe the difference in oxytocin and vassopressin in children in family-reared homes vs. those raised in orphanages.
Family-reared children showed rises in oxytocin levels after family interaction, while orphanage-reared ones did not.
How do maltreated children differ in their stress reactions to interactions?
Maltreated children dysregulate cortisol during social interactions.
Lorberbaum et al 2002 study on the effect a baby’s cry has on its mother’s brain found what?
The cry activated parts of the brain involved in maternal instincts in rodents and parts of the brain involved in human empathy.
What are the two types of embarrassment?
- Exposure embarrassment. 2. Evaluation embarrassment.
When does exposure embarrassment arise? (not time)
When you are the center of attention.
When does evaluation embarrassment arise? (not time)
From doing something poorly.
Which type of embarrassment arises first? When does the second type emerge?
Exposure embarrassment emerges by the second year of life. A year later evaluation embarrassment emerges.
What is more stressful negative self-evaluation or being the object of attention?
Negative self-evaluation.
According to a study done by Akin, toddlers who gave a puppet a toy expressed what more than those who did not give?
The most happiness.
Do old people tend to pay more attention to positive information than negative?
Yes.
