Emotion 2

Question 1

Reliance on mouth vs eyes in expression recognition

Answer 1

Western people focus more on the mouth and Asians focus mostly on the eyes.

Question 2

Other race effect in face identification

Answer 2

Better identificaiton of people from one’s own race.
Caused by differences in contact frequency.

Question 3

Role of culture in sorting photos of facial expressions into distinct piles

Answer 3

Only US participants labeled most their piles with big 5 emotions when free sorting.
When provided emotion concepts it leads to more universal sorting.

Question 4

Perceived facial emotion and body posture

Answer 4

Facial expressions across intense emotional situations nondiagnostic for valence.
Perceived facial valence shifted categorically as a function of the body.

Question 5

Face-selective areas

Answer 5

Occipital face area (OFA): detection of facial components
FFA: holistic face processing

Question 6

Body-selective areas

Answer 6

Extrastriate body area (EBA): sensitive to body parts
Fusiform Body Area (FBA): sensitive to full bodies

Question 7

Superior Temporal Sulcus function

Answer 7

Dynamic and changeable aspects of faces, biological motion and other things.

Question 8

Temporo-Parietal Junction function

Answer 8

Believed to be necessary for Theory of Mind.
Especially left TPJ necessary for mental-state processing.
Specifically it is for thinking about others thoughts, not others in general.

Question 9

James-Lange theory

Answer 9

Bodily responses can be sensed by the organism and in turn cause conscious experiences of the emotion.
Bodily changes can combine into a virtually infinite number of possible emotion states.

Question 10

Critique of James-Lange theory

Answer 10

ANS is too slow and too unspecific.
Cutting the vagus nerve does not disrupt emotion expression.
Lack of specificity, any stimulus provoking arousal of the SNS leads to similar visceral changes.
Injection of adrenalin causes body changes similar to intense emotion but no conscious experience of them.

Question 11

Cannon-Bard theory

Answer 11

After experiments with decorticated cats showed that they attacked unprovoked in fury (sham rage) they concluded that the cortex is not necessary for emotion expression.
Hypothalamus however was the part of the brain where emotion expression happened and then the emotion feeling and bodily response happened simultaneously.