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Brain and Behavior > Emotion > Flashcards

Emotion Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Emotion definition

A

Feelings that are produced by particular situations

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2
Q

What are the six main emotions?

A

Happiness
Sadness
Fear
Disgust
Anger
Surprise

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3
Q

James-Lange theory of emotion

A

That physiological changes are the emotions and if these changes are removed, the emotions are also removed

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4
Q

Bannon-Bard theory of emotion

A

Even if physiological changes are not present, one can still feel emotion

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5
Q

Cognitive theory

A

The modern interpretation of emotion
One’s bodily response to stimuli and their brain’s interpretation of emotions are interconnected

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6
Q

What region the brain is involved in emotions?

A

The limbic system

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7
Q

What parts comprise the limbic system?

A

Amygdala
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Cingulate Cortex

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8
Q

What structure seems crucial for the emotion of fear?

A

Amygdala

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9
Q

Where is the amygdala located?

A

Temporal lobes, below the cortex on the medial side

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10
Q

What groups can the amygdala be divided into?

A

Central nucleus
Basal nucleus
Lateral nucleus

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11
Q

Where is the central nucleus of the amygdala located?

A

In the center

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12
Q

Where the the Basal Nucleus of the amygdala located?

A

Bottom; base

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13
Q

Where is the lateral nucleus of the amygdala located?

A

Towards the side

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14
Q

What happens to animals when either side of the amygdala is removed?

A

Decrease in fear, aggression, and memory

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15
Q

What happens to animals when the amygdala is stimulated?

A

Creates fear and violent reactions

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16
Q

What was wrong with SM’s brain

A

She presented with bilateral amygdala lesions, meaning neither of her amygdala’s were functioning

17
Q

What emotions was SM unable to identify when presented with photos?

A

Fear
Anger

18
Q

What emotions was SM able to identify when presented with images?

A

Happiness
Sadness
Disgust

19
Q

What emotion was SM unable to express?

A

Fear

20
Q

What activity in the brain has been correlated with an individual feeling trust towards someone?

A

A decrease in activity within the amygdala

21
Q

What effect does amygdalar damage have on eye contact?

A

It impairs eye contact during conversations, which could explain why these patients don’t pick up on various cues

22
Q

Can fear be learned?

A

Yes

23
Q

What are the two bodily responses to fear?

A

Physiological
Behavioral

24
Q

What constitutes the physiological response to fear?

A

Increase in heart rate, HPA axis is activated

25
Q

What constitutes the behavioral reaction to fear?

A

Freezing

26
Q

What happens if the central nucleus of the amygdala is removed in regards to fear response?

A

the animal can no longer learn to be afraid, meaning this part is involved in learning fear

27
Q

What happens if the hypothalamus is removed in regards to fear response?

A

lesions of the lateral hypothalamus interfere with changes in heart rate, however the behavioral freezing response is unaffected

28
Q

What happens if the periaqueductal gray matter is removed in regards to fear response?

A

lesions of the PAG interfere with the freezing process, however the heart rate is unaffected.

Brain and Behavior (15 decks)

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