Emotion Flashcards
Mental reactions accompanied by physiological and and behavioral changes in the body
Emotions
Conscious awareness and reactions to emotions
Feelings
What are the 6 emotions?
- Anger
- Disgust
- Fear
- Happiness
- Sadness
- Surprise
Published “The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals”
Charles Darwin
Similarity that reflects common descent and ancestry
Homology
Similarity due to independent evolution
Homoplasy
Argues that animals’ emotional expressions are homologues of human emotions
Charles Darwin
Theory that physiological responses in the body cause emotions (bottom-up)
James-Lange theory
Theory that emotions arise in the brain, then send signals to the body (more top-down theory)
Cannon-Bard theory
Theory that both top-down and bottom-up factors contribute to emotion
Schacter-Singer theory
3 types of functions of the hypothalamus
- Homeostatic (hunger/thirst)
- Agnostic (aggression)
- Reproductive (mate seeking)
Pathway of the hypothalamus, stimulates the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
The autonomic output pathway
Pathway of the hypothalamus, stimulates the forebrain to generate complex plans
The motivational pathway
Pathway of the hypothalamus, regulates hormone levels throughout the body
The neuroendocrine pathway
Releases Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF), a master stress trigger
Hypothalamus
Activated by CRF, secretes Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Pituitary gland
Activated by ACTH, secretes cortisol
Kidneys
The key pathway to the body and brain’s responses to stress
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPA axis)
Process of cortisol returning to the brain, tells the brain it can stop releasing CRF
Negative Feedback Loop
A method for inducing or suppressing neural activity with light
Optogenetics
A method to electrically stimulate brain structures in human patients, used to treat Epilepsy and Parkinson’s
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Two parts of the amygdala
- Basolateral amygdala (BLA)
- Central amygdala (CA)
“Input” area of the amygdala
BLA
“output” area of the amygdala
CA
Hyperorality/ hypersexual behavior (in monkeys) due to the absence of the amygdala
Kluver-Bucy syndrom
