Embryology of Reproductive System Flashcards
Gonads begin as indifferent structures - T/ F
True
what triggers male/ female differentiation of the gonads?
Germ cells
What is the origin of the male duct system?
Mesonephric
What is the origin of the female duct system?
Paramesonephric
What controls the descent of the testes to the scrotum?
Gubernaculum
which germ cell layer does the reproductive tract arise from?
Mesoderm
Where do primordial germ cells originally arise from?
The wall of the yolk sac
What happens to primordial germ cells in females after they emerge from the yolk sac?
Become surrounded by locally proliferating body epithelium in the primitive sex cords
What is the driving force as to whether an indifferent gonad become male or female?
Y chromosome
If a Y chromsome is present does the medullary cord develop or degenerate?
Develop
Are cortical cords present if a Y chromosome is present?
No
If a Y chromosome is absent is there a tunica alnuginea?
No
What is the transcription factor required for male development?
Sex determining region of Y
What do sertoli cells produce in a foetus and what does this cause?
Mullerian inhibiting substance
Paramesonephric ducts suppressed
What do leydig cells produce in a foetus and what does this stimulate?
Testosterone
Mesonephric ducts
What is caused by dihydrotesterone in the foetus?
External genitalia stimualted
Growth of penis, scrotum and prostate
How does the gubernaculum cause the testes to descend?
Shortens, pulling the testes down
What does the remnant of the gubernaculum help with?
anchoring the testes to the scrotum
What hormone cause formation of the female reproductive tract?
Oestrogens
What happens to the mesonephric system in females?
It completely deteriorates
What structures does the paramesonephric duct form?
Uterine tube
Uterus
Upper portion of vagina
How does the gubernaculum cause the ovaries to descend?
Gubernaculum attaches to paramesonephric ducts
As paramesonephric ducts fuse they create the broad ligament of the uterus
The ovaries are pulled into this peritoneal fold
Name for paired uterus with 2 vaginas?
Uterus didelphys with double vagina
Name for uterus with indentation at fundus?
Uterus arcuatus
Name for double uterus with 1 vagina?
Uterus bicronis
What are the ligaments of the ovary largely derived from?
The gubernaculum
