Embryology of Reproductive System

Question 1

Gonads begin as indifferent structures - T/ F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

what triggers male/ female differentiation of the gonads?

Answer 2

Germ cells

Question 3

What is the origin of the male duct system?

Answer 3

Mesonephric

Question 4

What is the origin of the female duct system?

Answer 4

Paramesonephric

Question 5

What controls the descent of the testes to the scrotum?

Answer 5

Gubernaculum

Question 6

which germ cell layer does the reproductive tract arise from?

Answer 6

Mesoderm

Question 7

Where do primordial germ cells originally arise from?

Answer 7

The wall of the yolk sac

Question 8

What happens to primordial germ cells in females after they emerge from the yolk sac?

Answer 8

Become surrounded by locally proliferating body epithelium in the primitive sex cords

Question 9

What is the driving force as to whether an indifferent gonad become male or female?

Answer 9

Y chromosome

Question 10

If a Y chromsome is present does the medullary cord develop or degenerate?

Answer 10

Develop

Question 11

Are cortical cords present if a Y chromosome is present?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

If a Y chromosome is absent is there a tunica alnuginea?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What is the transcription factor required for male development?

Answer 13

Sex determining region of Y

Question 14

What do sertoli cells produce in a foetus and what does this cause?

Answer 14

Mullerian inhibiting substance

Paramesonephric ducts suppressed

Question 15

What do leydig cells produce in a foetus and what does this stimulate?

Answer 15

Testosterone

Mesonephric ducts

Question 16

What is caused by dihydrotesterone in the foetus?

Answer 16

External genitalia stimualted

Growth of penis, scrotum and prostate

Question 17

How does the gubernaculum cause the testes to descend?

Answer 17

Shortens, pulling the testes down

Question 18

What does the remnant of the gubernaculum help with?

Answer 18

anchoring the testes to the scrotum

Question 19

What hormone cause formation of the female reproductive tract?

Answer 19

Oestrogens

Question 20

What happens to the mesonephric system in females?

Answer 20

It completely deteriorates

Question 21

What structures does the paramesonephric duct form?

Answer 21

Uterine tube
Uterus
Upper portion of vagina

Question 22

How does the gubernaculum cause the ovaries to descend?

Answer 22

Gubernaculum attaches to paramesonephric ducts
As paramesonephric ducts fuse they create the broad ligament of the uterus
The ovaries are pulled into this peritoneal fold

Question 23

Name for paired uterus with 2 vaginas?

Answer 23

Uterus didelphys with double vagina

Question 24

Name for uterus with indentation at fundus?

Answer 24

Uterus arcuatus

Question 25

Name for double uterus with 1 vagina?

Answer 25

Uterus bicronis

Question 26

What are the ligaments of the ovary largely derived from?

Answer 26

The gubernaculum