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3rd Year - Reproduction > Anatomy 8 - Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Anatomy 8 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the male reproductive organs?

A

testis

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2
Q

Name the 4 male accessory reproductive organs?

A

Vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate gland
Penis

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3
Q

Name for the urethra within the penis?

A

Spongy urethra

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4
Q

What is the equivalent structure in females to the Cowper’s gland in males?

A

Bartholin’s gland

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5
Q

What is another name for Cowper’s glands?

A

Bulbourethral glands

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6
Q

Name for the part of the urethra passing through the prostate gland?

A

Prostatic urethra

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7
Q

Name for the duct that joins the seminal gland to the prostatic urethra?

A

Ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

How long approximately is the male urethra?

A

20cms

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9
Q

What part of the penis is the spongy urethra located within?

A

Corpus spongiosum

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10
Q

Where is the internal urethral sphincter located?

A

In the bladder neck

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11
Q

Is the control of the internal urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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12
Q

Is control of the external urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

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13
Q

Name for the pouch located between the bladder and rectum?

A

Rectovesical pouch

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14
Q

What is the name for the triangle shape on the internal aspect of the bladder between the 2 ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice?

A

Trigone

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15
Q

What muscle makes up the majority of the bladder wall?

A

Detrusor muscle

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16
Q

How is reflux of urine up the ureters prevented when the bladder contracts?

A

Detrusor fibres encircling the ureteric orifices contract and tighten when the bladder contracts

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17
Q

What does the detrusor form around the neck of the male bladder?

A

Internal urethral sphincter

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18
Q

What purpose does the internal urethral sphincter have ?

A

Contracts during ejaculation to prevent retrograde ejaculation

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19
Q

What’s another name for the posterior aspect of the bladder?

A

Base of the bladder

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20
Q

Where do the testes develop?

A

On the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

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21
Q

How do the testes descend into the scrotum?

A

Through the anterior abdominal wall via the inguinal canal

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22
Q

What structures are contained within the spermatic cord?

A 
Testicular artery
Testicular vein
Vas deferens
Lymphatic vessels
Nerves (autonomic and somatic)
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23
Q

What do the autonomic nerves within the spermatic cord supply?

A

Vas deferens

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24
Q

What do the somatic nerves within the spermatic cord supply?

A

Cremaster muscle

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25
Q

What is the name for the medial end of the combined aponeuroses of the internal oblique and transverses abdominis?

A

Conjoint tendon

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26
Q

what is the purpose of the conjoint tendon?

A

Anchors the lateral abdominal muscles inferiorly to the pubic bone

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27
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

The 3 layers of “coverings” gained as the testis pass through the inguinal canal + the structures contained within

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28
Q

What is the name of the sac that the testis sit in inside the scrotum?

A

Tunica vaginalis

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29
Q

What is the name for excess fluid within the tunica vaginalis?

A

Hydrocele

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30
Q

What part of the testes are sperm produced in?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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31
Q

What is the approximate temperature of the seminiferous tubules?

A

Approx. 1 degree below body temperature

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32
Q

What helps to control the temperature of the testicle?

A

Dartos muscle

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33
Q

How many sperm are produced in a second?

A

1500

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34
Q

How many days does it take for a sperm to mature?

35
Q

Where do sperm pass to from the seminiferous tubule?

A

Rete testis

36
Q

Where does sperm travel to after the rete testis?

A

Head of the epididymis (-> tale of epididymis)

37
Q

What does the epididymis become?

A

Vas deferens

38
Q

Approx. how long is the testicle?

39
Q

Approximate volume of a testicle?

40
Q

On what aspect of the testis is the epididymis located?

A

Posterior aspect (of the superior pole of the testis)

41
Q

Blood supply to the testis?

A

Arteries from lateral aspect of abdominal aorta

42
Q

Where does the left testicular vein drain to?

A

Left renal vein

43
Q

Where does the right testicular vein drain?

44
Q

Purpose of bulbourethral gland?

A

mucus secretion
Lubricates urethra
Neutralises acidity

45
Q

Purpose of the seminal glands?

A

Produce seminal fluid (rich in fructose)

46
Q

Name for the proximal part of the penis?

A

Root of the penis

47
Q

What is the approximate shape of the prostate gland?

A

Walnut shaped

48
Q

What is the inferior aspect of the prostate gland in contact with?

A

Levator ani muscle

49
Q

What are the name for the tubes which allow glandular secretions from the prostate to drain into the prostatic urethra?

A

Prostatic glands

50
Q

What is the ejaculatory duct a combination of?

A

Vas deferens and the duct from the seminal gland

51
Q

What are the zones of the prostate gland?

A

2X peripheral zone

1X central zone (internal)

52
Q

In which zone of the prostate gland do most cancers arise?

A

Peripheral zone

53
Q

What zone of the prostate gland is felt during digital rectal exam?

A

Peripheral zone

54
Q

What route does the vas deferens take at the deep inguinal ring?

A

Turns medially into the pelvis

Travels posterior to bladder

55
Q

What is semen made up of?

A

Sperm and seminal fluid

56
Q

What happens during male sterilisation?

A

The vas deferens is transected and its lumen sutured closed (bilaterally)

57
Q

What is the anatomical position of the penis?

58
Q

What is it called when the retraction of the prepuce constricts the neck of the glans causing it to swell?

A

Paraphimosis

59
Q

Name for the ridge of tissue on the anterior aspect of the penis?

A

Penile raphe

60
Q

Anatomical name for foreskin?

61
Q

Name for the rounded head of the penis?

62
Q

Part of the penis attached to the body?

63
Q

What part of the body is the penis located within?

64
Q

What is the root of the penis attached to laterally?

A

Ischium of the pelvis

65
Q

Name of the 3 cylinders of erectile tissue within the penis?

A 
Corpus cavernosum (R and L)
Corpus spongiosum
66
Q

Which cylinder(s) of erectile tissue are located anteriorly in the penis?

A

Corpus spongiousum

67
Q

What are transmitted within the corpus cavernosum?

A

Deep arteries of the penis

68
Q

What is transmitted within the corpus songiosum?

A

Spongy urethra

69
Q

What does the corpus spongiosum expand distally to form?

A

Glans penis

70
Q

What is the name for the compartment in males below the perineal membrane?

A

Superficial perineal pouch

71
Q

What parts make up the root of the penis?

A

Bulb
Crura
Associated muscles (bulbospongiosis and ischiocavernosus)

72
Q

What does the bulb of the penis extend into?

A

Corpus spongiosum

73
Q

What does the crura of the penis extend into?

A

Corpus cavernosum

74
Q

What associated muscle surrounds the bulb of the root of the penis?

A

Bulbospongiousus

75
Q

What associated muscle surrounds the crura of the root of the penis?

A

Ischiocavernosus

76
Q

what is located within the superficial perineal pouch of the male?

A

Root of the penis

77
Q

What is contained within the superficial perineal pouch of males?

A 
Root of penis (bulb, crura, associated muscles)
Proximal spongy urethra
Superficial transverse perineal muscles
Branches of internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
78
Q

Blood supply to penis?

A

Via deep arteries of the penis

79
Q

what are the deep arteries of the penis branches from?

A

internal pudendal artery

80
Q

What is the internal pudendal artery a branch from?

A

Internal iliac

81
Q

Blood supply to scortum?

A

Via the internal pudendal and branches from external iliac artery

82
Q

Where does lymph from the scrotum and most of the penis (not glans) drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (superficial fascia of groin)

83
Q

Where does lymph from the testes drain to?

A

Lumbar nodes (around abdominal aorta)

3rd Year - Reproduction (10 decks)

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