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3rd Year - Reproduction > Anatomy 8 - Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Anatomy 8 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the male reproductive organs?

A

testis

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2
Q

Name the 4 male accessory reproductive organs?

A

Vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate gland
Penis

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3
Q

Name for the urethra within the penis?

A

Spongy urethra

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4
Q

What is the equivalent structure in females to the Cowper’s gland in males?

A

Bartholin’s gland

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5
Q

What is another name for Cowper’s glands?

A

Bulbourethral glands

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6
Q

Name for the part of the urethra passing through the prostate gland?

A

Prostatic urethra

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7
Q

Name for the duct that joins the seminal gland to the prostatic urethra?

A

Ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

How long approximately is the male urethra?

A

20cms

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9
Q

What part of the penis is the spongy urethra located within?

A

Corpus spongiosum

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10
Q

Where is the internal urethral sphincter located?

A

In the bladder neck

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11
Q

Is the control of the internal urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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12
Q

Is control of the external urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

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13
Q

Name for the pouch located between the bladder and rectum?

A

Rectovesical pouch

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14
Q

What is the name for the triangle shape on the internal aspect of the bladder between the 2 ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice?

A

Trigone

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15
Q

What muscle makes up the majority of the bladder wall?

A

Detrusor muscle

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16
Q

How is reflux of urine up the ureters prevented when the bladder contracts?

A

Detrusor fibres encircling the ureteric orifices contract and tighten when the bladder contracts

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17
Q

What does the detrusor form around the neck of the male bladder?

A

Internal urethral sphincter

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18
Q

What purpose does the internal urethral sphincter have ?

A

Contracts during ejaculation to prevent retrograde ejaculation

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19
Q

What’s another name for the posterior aspect of the bladder?

A

Base of the bladder

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20
Q

Where do the testes develop?

A

On the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

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21
Q

How do the testes descend into the scrotum?

A

Through the anterior abdominal wall via the inguinal canal

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22
Q

What structures are contained within the spermatic cord?

A 
Testicular artery
Testicular vein
Vas deferens
Lymphatic vessels
Nerves (autonomic and somatic)
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23
Q

What do the autonomic nerves within the spermatic cord supply?

A

Vas deferens

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24
Q

What do the somatic nerves within the spermatic cord supply?

A

Cremaster muscle

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25
What is the name for the medial end of the combined aponeuroses of the internal oblique and transverses abdominis?
Conjoint tendon
26
what is the purpose of the conjoint tendon?
Anchors the lateral abdominal muscles inferiorly to the pubic bone
27
What is the spermatic cord?
The 3 layers of "coverings" gained as the testis pass through the inguinal canal + the structures contained within
28
What is the name of the sac that the testis sit in inside the scrotum?
Tunica vaginalis
29
What is the name for excess fluid within the tunica vaginalis?
Hydrocele
30
What part of the testes are sperm produced in?
Seminiferous tubules
31
What is the approximate temperature of the seminiferous tubules?
Approx. 1 degree below body temperature
32
What helps to control the temperature of the testicle?
Dartos muscle
33
How many sperm are produced in a second?
1500
34
How many days does it take for a sperm to mature?
64 days
35
Where do sperm pass to from the seminiferous tubule?
Rete testis
36
Where does sperm travel to after the rete testis?
Head of the epididymis (-> tale of epididymis)
37
What does the epididymis become?
Vas deferens
38
Approx. how long is the testicle?
5cm
39
Approximate volume of a testicle?
12-25ml
40
On what aspect of the testis is the epididymis located?
Posterior aspect (of the superior pole of the testis)
41
Blood supply to the testis?
Arteries from lateral aspect of abdominal aorta
42
Where does the left testicular vein drain to?
Left renal vein
43
Where does the right testicular vein drain?
IVC
44
Purpose of bulbourethral gland?
mucus secretion Lubricates urethra Neutralises acidity
45
Purpose of the seminal glands?
Produce seminal fluid (rich in fructose)
46
Name for the proximal part of the penis?
Root of the penis
47
What is the approximate shape of the prostate gland?
Walnut shaped
48
What is the inferior aspect of the prostate gland in contact with?
Levator ani muscle
49
What are the name for the tubes which allow glandular secretions from the prostate to drain into the prostatic urethra?
Prostatic glands
50
What is the ejaculatory duct a combination of?
Vas deferens and the duct from the seminal gland
51
What are the zones of the prostate gland?
2X peripheral zone | 1X central zone (internal)
52
In which zone of the prostate gland do most cancers arise?
Peripheral zone
53
What zone of the prostate gland is felt during digital rectal exam?
Peripheral zone
54
What route does the vas deferens take at the deep inguinal ring?
Turns medially into the pelvis | Travels posterior to bladder
55
What is semen made up of?
Sperm and seminal fluid
56
What happens during male sterilisation?
The vas deferens is transected and its lumen sutured closed (bilaterally)
57
What is the anatomical position of the penis?
Erect
58
What is it called when the retraction of the prepuce constricts the neck of the glans causing it to swell?
Paraphimosis
59
Name for the ridge of tissue on the anterior aspect of the penis?
Penile raphe
60
Anatomical name for foreskin?
Prepuce
61
Name for the rounded head of the penis?
Glans
62
Part of the penis attached to the body?
Root
63
What part of the body is the penis located within?
Perinuem
64
What is the root of the penis attached to laterally?
Ischium of the pelvis
65
Name of the 3 cylinders of erectile tissue within the penis?
``` Corpus cavernosum (R and L) Corpus spongiosum ```
66
Which cylinder(s) of erectile tissue are located anteriorly in the penis?
Corpus spongiousum
67
What are transmitted within the corpus cavernosum?
Deep arteries of the penis
68
What is transmitted within the corpus songiosum?
Spongy urethra
69
What does the corpus spongiosum expand distally to form?
Glans penis
70
What is the name for the compartment in males below the perineal membrane?
Superficial perineal pouch
71
What parts make up the root of the penis?
Bulb Crura Associated muscles (bulbospongiosis and ischiocavernosus)
72
What does the bulb of the penis extend into?
Corpus spongiosum
73
What does the crura of the penis extend into?
Corpus cavernosum
74
What associated muscle surrounds the bulb of the root of the penis?
Bulbospongiousus
75
What associated muscle surrounds the crura of the root of the penis?
Ischiocavernosus
76
what is located within the superficial perineal pouch of the male?
Root of the penis
77
What is contained within the superficial perineal pouch of males?
``` Root of penis (bulb, crura, associated muscles) Proximal spongy urethra Superficial transverse perineal muscles Branches of internal pudendal vessels Pudendal nerve ```
78
Blood supply to penis?
Via deep arteries of the penis
79
what are the deep arteries of the penis branches from?
internal pudendal artery
80
What is the internal pudendal artery a branch from?
Internal iliac
81
Blood supply to scortum?
Via the internal pudendal and branches from external iliac artery
82
Where does lymph from the scrotum and most of the penis (not glans) drain to?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (superficial fascia of groin)
83
Where does lymph from the testes drain to?
Lumbar nodes (around abdominal aorta)

3rd Year - Reproduction (10 decks)

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