Embryology

Question 1

What germ layers does renal system come from?

Answer 1

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 2

Pronephros

Answer 2

Intermediate mesoderm

Never functions

Question 3

Mesonephros

Answer 3

Intermediate mesoderm
40 pairs, 20 pairs regress
Functions weeks 6-10 then regresses

Question 4

Mesonephric duct

Answer 4

Condensation of mesenchyme

Canalises grows down beside mesonephros

Question 5

Metanephros

Answer 5

Functions weeks 9-11

Permanent kidney

Question 6

Metanephros made up of:

Answer 6

Metanephric blastema (nephron)
Ureteric bud (collecting part)

Question 7

Ureteric buds sprout from ____________

Answer 7

Mesonephric duct

Question 8

Ureteric buds penetrate

Answer 8

Metanephric blastema

Question 9

If ureteric bud doesn’t contact metanephric blastema:

Answer 9

Kidney agenesis

Question 10

How are calyces formed?

Answer 10

2 periods of ureteric bud intussusception

Question 11

How is nephron formed?

Answer 11

Metanephric blastemal cap responds to ureteric bud
Forms nephric vesicle which elongates
Fuses with collecting system at one end and BVs at another end

Question 12

Ascent of the kidneys

Answer 12

Pelvis: hila point anteriorly

Ascend to adult position (L1) by week 9

Question 13

Horseshoe kidney

Answer 13

Trapped below IMA

Question 14

Cloaca

Answer 14

Expansion of hindgut endoderm

Forms rectum and primitive urogenital sinus

Question 15

Primitive urogenital sinus

Answer 15

Forms bladder, Urethra, definitive urogenital sinus

Question 16

What splits the primitive urogenital sinus from the rectum?

Answer 16

Urorectal septum

Question 17

What happens to ureteric bud?

Answer 17

Joins bladder to form ureter

Question 18

What happens to mesonephric duct?

Answer 18

Regresses in female, forms trigone

Becomes vas deferens and seminal vesicle in male