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Emergency Medicine EOR > EM - OBGYN > Flashcards

EM - OBGYN Flashcards

1
Q

primary amenorrhea

A

the failure to begin menstruating at puberty

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2
Q

secondary amenorrhea

A

absence of menses for >3 cycles or 6 months in a previously menstruating patient

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3
Q

sheehans syndrome

A

postpartum pituitary necrosis

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4
Q

workup of secondary amenorhea

A

-pregnancy test
-TSH and prolactin
-estrogen and progesterone challenge test

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5
Q

treatment of amenorrhea

A

-if desiring pregnancy: letrozole or clomid
-if not desiring pregnancy: estrogen/ progesterone

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6
Q

evaluation of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A

-pelvic US
-endometrial biopsy
-hysteroscopy

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7
Q

treatment of premenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A

-observation
-hormone therapy
-definitive: hysterectomy

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8
Q

MC site of ectopic pregnancy

A

ampulla

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9
Q

diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

A

US

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10
Q

treatment of ectopic pregnancy

A

-methotrexate

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11
Q

risk factors for endometriosis

A

-early menarche
-nulliparity
-family history
-heavy menstrual bleeding

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12
Q

s/s of endometriosis

A

-dysmenorrhea
-pelvic pain
-dyspareunia
-infertility
-tender nodules in posterior vaginal fornix

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13
Q

diagnosis of endometriosis

A

surgery with biopsy
-powder burn
-chocolate cysts

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14
Q

treatment of endometriosis

A

-NSAIDs
-OCPs
-surgical removal

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15
Q

MCC of mastitis

A

-staph aureus

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16
Q

s/s of mastitis

A

-painful erythematous lobule in outer quadrant of breast
-systemic signs of infection

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17
Q

treatment of mastitis

A

-avoid milk stasis
-warm compress
-dicloxacillin or keflex

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18
Q

etiology of breast abscess

A

mastitis

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19
Q

s/s of breast abscess

A

-redness, tender, fluctuant

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20
Q

treatment of breast abscess

A

I&D

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21
Q

etiology of functional ovarian cysts

A

cyclic ovarian changes

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22
Q

s/s of ovarian cysts

A

menstrual irregularities
-pelvic pressure or pain
-constipation or urinary frq

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23
Q

diagnosis of functional ovarian cysts

A

pelvic US

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24
Q

MC type of functional cyst

A

follicular

25
etiology of follicular cyst
failure in ovulation
26
s/s of follicular cyst
-usually asymptomatic
27
treatment of follicular cyst
-observation -OCPs
28
etiology of corpus luteum cyst
accumulation of fluid inside a corpus luteum
29
s/s of corpus luteum cyst
-local pain, tenderness -amenorrhea
30
treatment of corpus luteum cyst
-OCPs
31
etiology of theca lutein cyst
elevated levels of HCG
32
s/s of theca lutein cyst
-pelvic heaviness or aching
33
treatment of theca lutein cyst
symptomatic
34
etiology of endometrioma
endometric foci on ovarian surface
35
s/s of endometrioma
-pelvic pain -dyspareunia -dysmenorrhea -infertility
36
treatment of endometrioma
as for endometriosis
37
s/s of PID
-lower abdominal pain -discharge -n/v -fever -cervical motion tenderness
38
etiology of PID
polymicrobial
39
treatment of PID
-rocephin + doxy + flagyl
40
etiology of placental abruption
premature separation of a normally implanted placenta
41
s/s of placental abruption
-painful vaginal bleeding -abdominal pain -uterine tenderness -fetal distress
42
treatment of placental abruption
immediate delivery
43
etiology of placenta previa
-placenta over or very near to the internal cervical os
44
s/s of placenta previa
painless bright red bleeding
45
diagnosis of placenta previa
transvaginal ultrasound
46
treatment of placenta previa
-serial US -delivery by CS
47
s/s of PROM
-pooling of amniotic fluid
48
diagnosis of PROM
-nitrazine swab -ferning -pooling of amniotic fluid within the vagina
49
management of PROM
-patient hospitalized for remainder of pregnancy -corticosteroids -tocolysis -antibiotics
50
complete abortion
complete expulsion of all products of conception before 20 weeks
51
treatment of complete abortion
-send POC to pathology
52
incomplete abortion
-partial expulsion of some but not all POC before 20 weeks -nonviable IUP on US
53
treatment of incomplete abortion
-D&C -prostaglandins -cytotec
54
inevitable abortion
no expulsion of products but vaginal bleeding and dilation of the cervix such that a viable pregnancy is unlikely -IUP on US
55
treatment of inevitable abortion
-prostaglandins -expectant management
56
missed abortion
-death of the embryo or fetus before 20 weeks with complete retention of all POC -nonviable IUP on US
57
treatment of missed abortion
-D&C -prostaglandins -expectant management
58
threatened abortion
vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks without dilation of the cervix or expulsion of any POC
59
Treatment of threatened abortion
-monitor

Emergency Medicine EOR (12 decks)

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