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Emergency Medicine EOR > EM - EENT > Flashcards

EM - EENT Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q
A
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2
Q

treatment of acute laryngitis

A

-viral: supportive
-bacterial: PCN or amoxicillin
-singers can be give steroids

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3
Q

etiology of otitis media

A

-viral that turns bacterial
-strep pneumo, mcat, hflu

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4
Q

s/s of otitis media

A

-ear pain
-bulging TM
-red RM

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5
Q

diagnosis of otitis media

A

clinical

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6
Q

treatment of otitis media

A

-amoxicillin

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7
Q

s/s of viral pharyngitis

A

-ulcers/blisters
-erythema
-swollen tonsils
-sore throat
-URI sx

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8
Q

diagnosis of viral pharyngitis

A

-do rapid strep first
-monospot

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9
Q

treatment of viral pharyngitis

A

supportive

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10
Q

s/s of strep throat

A

-sore throat
-odynophagia
-malaise
-tonsillar exudate
-sandpaper rash
-palatal petechiae
-strawberry tongue

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11
Q

diagnosis of strep throat

A

rapid strep

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12
Q

treatment of strep throat

A

PCN/ amoxicillin

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13
Q

MC sinus infection in acute sinusitis

A

maxillary

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14
Q

etiology of acute sinusitis

A

-viral URI precursor

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15
Q

s/s of acute sinusitis

A

-congestion
-purulent nasal discharge
-tooth pain
-face pain/pressure
-headache

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16
Q

diagnostic criteria of acute sinusitis

A

-s/s lasting 10 days without improving
-severe s/s for 3-4 days
-s/s improve and then worsen after 5-6 days

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17
Q

diagnosis of acute sinusitis

A

clinical
-CT is preferred but not utilized often

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18
Q

treatment of acute sinusitis

A

augmentin

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19
Q

etiology of allergic rhinitis

A

IgE reaction to allergens

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20
Q

s/s of allergic rhinitis

A

-URI
-shiners
-salute sign
-dennie morgan eyes
-boggy mucosa

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21
Q

diagnosis of allergic rhinitis

A

clinical

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22
Q

treatment of allergic rhinitis

A

-antihistamines
-intranasal steroids

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23
Q

etiology of barotrauma

A

-air travel
-underwater diving

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24
Q

treatment of barotrauma

A

-oral decongestants
-myringotomy

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25
Q

anterior vs posterior blepharitis

A

-anterior: eyelid skin, eyelashes, associated glands
-posterior: meiobian gland

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26
Q

s/s of blepharitis

A

-red rimmed
-scales in eyelashed
-inflamed meiobian glands

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27
Q

treatment of blepharitis

A

-anterior: anti-staph ointment
-posterior: gland expression

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28
Q

mc broken bone with blow out fracture

A

maxillary

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29
Q

diagnosis of blow out fracture

A

CT

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30
Q

treatment of blow out fracture

A

-pain control

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31
Q

s/s of corneal abrasion

A

-significant discomfort
-ciliary flush
-tearing
-foreign body sensation
-photophobia

32
Q

diagnosis of corneal abrasion

A

Fluorescein stain

33
Q

Corneal Ab. Tx

A

topical antibiotic ointment (Erythro)
CI: Topical Anesth

34
Q

etiology of dacryoadenitis

A

-autoimmune
-viral

35
Q

s/s of dacryoadenitis

A

upper eyelid swelling (lacrimal gland)

36
Q

treatment of dacryoadenitis

A

-if bacterial: augmentin and i&d
-viral: supportive

37
Q

s/s of dental abscess

A

-tooth pain
-gingival edema and redness
-discharge
-fluctuant mass

38
Q

treatment of dental abscess

A

PCN VK + flagyl

39
Q

MC location of epistaxis

A

Anterior, Kiesselbach’s plexus

40
Q

management of anterior epistaxis

A

-apply pressure
-topical vasoconstrictor
-silver nitrate
-packing

41
Q

management of posterior epistaxis

A

packing

42
Q

etiology of acute angle glaucoma

A

angle between cornea and iris is decreased

43
Q

s/s of acute angle glaucoma

A

-vision loss
-halos around the eyes
-HA
-severe eye pain
-n/v
-red steamy cornea

44
Q

diagnosis of acute angle glaucoma

A

gonioscopy
-urgent ophthalmology referral

45
Q

treatment of acute angle glaucoma

A

-acetazolmide + pilocarpine
-laser iridotomy

46
Q

etiology of hyphema

A

blunt trauma

47
Q

s/s of hyphema

A

-hemorrhage
-pain
-photophobia
-blurred vision

48
Q

management of hyphema

A

-supine with head elevated
-hard eye shield
-no NSAIDs or ASA

49
Q

s/s of macular degeneration

A

-loss of central vision
-new vessels on fundoscopic

50
Q

treatment of macular degeneration

A

VEGF inhibitors

51
Q

etiology of mastoiditis

A

untreated bacterial otitis media

52
Q

s/s of mastoiditis

A

-posterior ear swelling and erythema
-proptosis
-fever

53
Q

diagnosis of mastoiditis

A

CT

54
Q

treatment of mastoiditis

A

-rocephin followed by oral augmentin

55
Q

etiology of optic neuritis

A

MS

56
Q

s/s of optic neuritis

A

-pain behind eye
-loss of color vision
-RAPD
-papillitis

57
Q

treatment of optic neuritis

A

IV steroids

58
Q

etiology of orbital cellulitis

A

extension of acute sinusitis

59
Q

s/s of orbital cellulitis

A

-ptosis
-fever
-swelling
-limitation of EOM
-pain

60
Q

treatment of orbital cellulitis

A

-IV vanc + rocephin
-then switch to bactrim (?)

61
Q

s/s of preseptal cellulitis

A

-swelling
-erythema
-no proptosis
-no vision impairment
-no limitation of EOM

62
Q

SX of Periorbital cellulitis

A

-swelling
-erythema
-no proptosis
-no vision impairment
-no limitation of EOM

63
Q

Treatment of preseptal cellulitis

A

Same as Orbital Cellulitis (?)

64
Q

MCC of otitis externa

A

Pseudomonas

65
Q

s/s of otitis externa

A

-itching
-pain with palpation of tragus
-swelling
-erythema

66
Q

treatment of otitis externa

A

-ciprodex or Ofloxacin

67
Q

s/s of peritonsillar abscess

A

-sore throat
-fever
-muffled voice
-drooling
-odynophagia
-deviated uvula
-fluctuant tonsil

68
Q

diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess

A

CT scan

69
Q

treatment of peritonsillar abscess

A

-i&d
-IV abx then switch to oral

70
Q

risk factors of retinal detachment

A

-nearsightedness
-cataract extraction

71
Q

s/s of retinal detachment

A

-monocular vision loss
-curtain or veil
-floaters
-flashing lights
-eye pain

72
Q

treatment of retinal detachment

A

surgery

73
Q

s/s of retinal vein occlusion

A

-sudden, acute, painless, monocular vision loss
-first upon awakening
-blood and thunder fundus

74
Q

treatment of retinal vein occlusion

A

-anti-VEGF

75
Q

s/s of auricle hematoma

A

-cauliflower ear

76
Q

treatment of auricle hematoma

A

-drain
-compressive dressing

77
Q

treatment of auricular laceration

A

-auricle block
-suture
-compression dressing

Emergency Medicine EOR (12 decks)

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