EM - Neuro Flashcards
s/s of bells palsy
-acute onset facial paralysis
diagnosis of bells palsy
clinical
treatment of bells palsy
prednisone and valcyclovir
MCC of encephalitis
herpesviruses
s/s of encephalitis
-fever
-n/v
-altered level of consciousness
-seizures
-psych sx
-focal neuro deficits
diagnosis of encephalitis
-spinal tap with CSF analysis
-MRI
treatment of encephalitis
-seizure control with lorazepam
-neuro checks
-antivirals
vessel involved with epidural hematoma
middle meningeal
s/s of epidural hematoma
-LOC followed by lucid interval
-quick decompensation
treatment of epidural hematoma
-emergent evacuation
etiology of subdural hematoma
-tearing of veins
MC population to find subdurals in
elderly due to atrophied brains
s/s of subdural hematoma
-HA
-seizures
-neuro sx
diagnosis of subdural hematoma
CT
treatment of subdural hematoma
craniotomy
etiology of GBS
-campylobacter jejuni
-CMV
s/s of GBS
-paresthesias
-pain
-proximal muscle weakness leading to paralysis
-tachycardia
-diminished DTRs
diagnosis of GBS
-spinal tap
-electrodiagnostic studies
treatment of GBS
-hospitalization until plateau period
-bedside PFT
-plasmapheresis or IVIG
-NSAIDs
MC spread of bacterial meningitis
hematogenous
MCC of bacterial meningitis in adults
Strep pneumoniae
s/s of meningitis
-HA
-fever
-nuchal rigidity
-meningeal signs
-AMS
-n/v
-meningococcal rash in N. meningiditis
diagnosis of meningitis
lumbar puncture
if there are signs of elevated ICP…
do a CT first
treatment of bacterial meningitis
-dexamethasone
-rocephin + vanc + acyclovir
-if under 1mo or over 50: ampicillin
-tick season: doxy
-otitis: flagyl
chemoprophylaxis of bacterial meningitis
rifampin
MCC of viral meningitis
enterovirus
treatment of viral meningitis
-acyclovir is HSV
-supportive
etiology of BPPV
canalithiasis
s/s of BPPV
-acute recurrent brief episodes of BPPV
-after change in head position
diagnosis of BPPV
Dix-Hallpike maneuver
treatment of BPPV
reposition otoliths via epley
reposition otoliths via epley
post viral
s/s of labyrinthitis
-persistent and continuous vertigo
-horizontal nystagmus away from affected side
diagnosis of lanyrinthitis
clinical
treatment of labyrinthitis
-steroids
-meclizine
etiology of meniere’s disease
excess fluid in the inner ear
presentation of menieres disease
-episodic vertigo
-unilateral hearing impairment
-tinnitus
-Fullnesssss
diagnosis of menieres disease
clinical
treatment of menieres disease
-salt free diet
-meclizine
-diuretics
