EM - Hematology

Question 1

presentation of ALL

Answer 1

-fever
-bone pain
-lymphadenopathy
-lymphoblasts

Question 2

treatment of ALL

Answer 2

-induction chemotherapy
-intrathecal CNS prophylaxis
-post remission chemo

Question 3

s/s of AML

Answer 3

-bone marrow failure
-HSM
-auer rods
-myeloblasts

Question 4

treatment of AML

Answer 4

-induction. hemo
-post remission chemo and stem cell transplant

Question 5

etiology of aplastic anemia

Answer 5

-failure of hematopoietic bone marrow due to suppression of or injury to stem cells

Question 6

s/s of aplastic anemia

Answer 6

-increased infections
-pallor, fatigue, dyspnea, palpitation
-bruising, easy bleeding
-purpura and petechiae

Question 7

Treatment of aplastic anemia

Answer 7

-red cell transfusions
-platelet transfusions
-bone marrow growth factors (EPO)

Question 8

etiology of sickle cell disease

Answer 8

autosomal recessive

Question 9

s/s of sickle cell crisis

Answer 9

-pain
-fever
-tachycardia

Question 9

s/s of sickle cell disease

Answer 9

-jaundice, pallor
-pain and swelling of extremities
-vision changes
-hyperdynamic precordium
-HSM

Question 10

Diagnosis of Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 10

blood smear, Hb electrophoresis

Question 11

treatment of sickle cell anemia

Answer 11

-avoid triggers
-folic acid supplementation
-definitive: stem cell transplant
Also, Hydroxyurea (?)

Question 12

treatment of sickle cell crisis

Answer 12

Hydration
Oxygenation
Pain relief

Question 13

etiology of polycythemia vera

Answer 13

JAK2 mutation

Question 14

s/s of polycythemia vera

Answer 14

-fatigue
-HA
-generalized pruritus (I think especially from a hot shower?)
-bleeding
-stroke
-abdominal pain
-engorged conjunctival and retinal vessels
-plethora
-HCT >54% in males and 51% in females

Question 15

treatment of polycythemia vera

Answer 15

-therapeutic phlebotomy
-hydroxyurea