Elizabethan England c1568- 1603: Mary, Queen of Scots Flashcards
What was Mary Queen of Scots relation to Elizabeth I?
Elizabeth’s cousin
When did Mary Queen of Scots become Queen of Scotland?
1542
How old was Mary Queen of Scots when she became Queen of Scotland?
Only 8 days old
Who was Mary Queen of Scots married to in 1558?
The air to the French throne.
How many countries was Mary Queen of Scots briefly queen of?
2
Once Mary Queen of Scots returned to Scotland after her husband’s death why had he became increasingly unpopular?
The country had become increasingly Protestant in her absence.
What was she accused of in 1567?
The murder of her second husband Lord Darnley.
Who was crowned as king of Scotland in Mary’s place once she fled to England?
Her young son, James.
Why did Mary’s arrival to England concerned many Protestants?
They were worried that she might directly lead/ inspire a rebellion against Elizabeth I.
Who had called for Mary’s execution?
Parliament and a number of privy counsellors.
Why was Elizabeth to execute Mary Queen of Scots?
She did not want to kill a fellow Queen.
How many years was Mary kept and the Close guard and moved around England for?
19 years
Which three plots was Mary Queen of Scots linked to?
1.The Babington Plot
2. The Throckmorton plot
3. The Northern Rebellion
Which plot out of the 3 did Mary Queen of Scots seem to be directly involved in?
The final plot (The Babington plot)
In ____, a rich young _______ man named ________ Babington planned to kill Elizabeth, rescue ____ and place her on throne.
- 1586
- Catholic
- Anthony
- Mary
How did Anthony Babington manage to communicate with Mary?
He got married servants to hide coded messages within their barrels that were sent to her room.
Who uncovered the Babington Plot?
Sir Francis Walsingham, Elizabeth spymaster.
How did Sir Walsingham in him uncover the Babington Plot?
The servants who hid the coaded messages were his spies and the original message as well as Mary’s reply were decoded and taken to the Queen.
Why did Elizabeth I have little choice but to order Mary to go on trial for treason?
There was clear evidence
When was Mary Queen of scot trial for treason?
October 1586
How many noblemen was Mary put on trial before?
36
Which two of Elizabeth’s closest advisors were included in the court of noblemen?
Sir Francis Walsingham and William Cecil
What did Mary criticise when defending herself on trial?
That she had not been allowed to see the evidence against her.
Why did Mary refuse to accept that the court had any right to pass the sentence on her?
She claimed that as she was not English she could not be guilty of treason.
What year was Mary Queen of Scots found guilty of treason and sentenced to death?
25th October
Why was Elizabeth I reluctant to assign Mary’s death warrant?
She said that executing a fellow monarch might inspire her enemies or that Mary’s son James would want revenge.
Who else’s reaction was Elizabeth I concerned about?
Catholic powers such as France and Spain.
When did Elizabeth I sign Mary Queen of Scots death warrent despite her fears?
The first of February 1587
Where and when was Mary Queen of Scots executed?
In private, at Fotheringhay Castle seven days later.
Who were the official witnesses of Mary Queen of Scots execution?
The Earl of Shrewsbury and the Earl of Kent
Who was the new heir to the English throne?
Mary’s son James- a Protestant
Why was Mary, even in death, seen as an important figure?
They saw her as a martyr to her face and that her execution proved that Elizabeth I was a wicked heretic.
Why was Elizabeth’s concerned about the reaction abroad unwarranted?
Although there was outrage there was no action from France or Spain.
True or false: King James of Scotland accepted Elizabeth apology for the death of his mother.
True
Apart from being King James VI of Scotland, what was James’s later title?
King James I of England
