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GCSE History > Britain- Migration, Empires and the People c790-Present Day: A Norman Kingdom 'Angevin' Empire > Flashcards

Britain- Migration, Empires and the People c790-Present Day: A Norman Kingdom 'Angevin' Empire Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Edward become King of England?

A

1042

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2
Q

How was Edward related to Cnut?

A

He was Cnut’s son, who took over the throne once Cnut died.

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3
Q

Why was there a rush for the throne once King Edward died in 1066?

A

Edward didn’t have any children.

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4
Q

Which three men wanted to be king after Edward?

A
  1. William Duke of Normandy
  2. Harold Godwinson
  3. Harald Hardrada
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5
Q

Why did William Duke of Normandy wish to be king?

A

He claimed that both Edward and Harold had agreed he should take the throne.

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6
Q

Seeing as Harold Godwinson was the most powerful man in England, who supported his claim to the throne?

A

Witan (the national council or Parliament in Anglo-Saxon England)

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7
Q

Who was Harald Hardrada and why did he think he had a claim to the throne?

A

He was the Viking ruler of Denmark and stated that since Vikings had conquered England for many years, he should be king.

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8
Q

Who was crowned the day as king the day after Edward’s death? Who made this decision?

A

Harold Godwinson (elected by the Witan)

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9
Q

In what battle was Harold Hardrada defeated by king Harold?

A

The Battle of Stamford Bridge

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10
Q

When was The Battle of Stamford Bridge?

A

September 1066

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11
Q

When was King Harold defeated by William Duke of Normandy?

A

14 October 1066

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12
Q

When was William Duke of Normandy crowned as king?

A

Christmas Day 1066

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13
Q

Name 4 ways William Duke of Normandy controlled the rebellions he faced.

A
  1. Gave Norman’s land in return for loyalty
  2. East Norman baron and lord had his own nights/ soldiers
  3. game supporters top jobs in the church
  4. encouraged Norman barons to build the castles to control England
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14
Q

Where did the taxes English paid go to when under William Duke of Normand’s rule?

A

The Normans

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15
Q

When in France, who did William Duke of Normandy leave England with?

A

His barons and lords

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16
Q

Where did the Normans have a strong influence over, even though they haven’t tried to conquer it?

A

Scotland

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17
Q

List three ways in which England changed under the Normans:

A
  1. French customs were introduced
  2. French became the language of those in power
  3. Norman’s built hundreds of new churches, cathedrals and monasteries
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18
Q

What did William Duke of Normandy become known as?

A

William the Conqueror

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19
Q

What year did William the Conqueror die?

A

1087

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20
Q

How was England divided up between his three sons?

A

The two eldest sons received a part and the youngest son, Henry, got nothing.

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21
Q

How did Henry become king of England?

A

One of his brothers died.

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22
Q

How was the Norman Kingdom United under one man once again?

A

Henry defeated his other brother

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23
Q

What were Henry’s 2 titles?

A

Henry I of England and Duke of Normandy.

24
Q

What did Henry I of England do in an effort to secure his daughter as the next ruler?

A

He married her off to a powerful French lord, Geoffrey of Anjou.

25
Q

Who seized the throne once Henry died?

A

A noble named Stephen who many felt had a claim to the throne.

26
Q

How many years was there a series of battles as Matilda fought back?

A

19

27
Q

When was the agreement reached that Matilda’s son, Henry, would become king when the Stephen died?

A

1153

28
Q

When did King Stephen die and Henry II of England become king?

A

October 1154

29
Q

Who were referred to as the ‘Angevins’ and why?

A

Henry and his brothers after their father Geoffrey of Anjou.

30
Q

What were the family later known as?

A

The Plantagenets.

31
Q

What were the 3 other titles Henry II inherited from lands from both his mother and father?

A
  1. Duke of Normandy
  2. Count of Anjou
  3. Count of Maine
32
Q

Who did Henry II of England marry in 1152?

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine

33
Q

How did Henry II of England’s marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine add to his empire?

A

He gained territories of Aquitaine which spread all the way to Spain.

34
Q

Where else did Henry II of England controll a large portion of ove the course of his reign?

A

France, including Brittany.

35
Q

Why had most king’s not considered Irish as worth invading?

A

It had little wealth

36
Q

In ____, ‘King’ ______ of Leinster in Ireland asked Henry II for help against another _____ ‘King’.

A
  1. 1166
  2. Dermot
  3. Irish
37
Q

Finish the sentence: Rather than assisting King Dermot, the kings and barrons in the army Henry sent over to help used it as an opportunity to…

A

seize the land for themselves.

38
Q

By the mid ____s the English controlled more land in Ireland than the Irish.

A

1170

39
Q

Name 2 things Henry II used his control in Ireland to do.

A
  1. Strengthen and build new fortifications
  2. Develop Dublin as a centre of trade and commerce
40
Q

How did Henry II’s control over Ireland benefit him?

A

It gave him more money and extra defense against invading forces.

41
Q

When did Henry II of England die?

A

1189

42
Q

Name the 2 of Henry II of England’s sons who became king?

A

Richard I and John.

43
Q

When did Richard I become king?

A

After Henry II of England died.

44
Q

Where did Richard spend long period of his reign in?

A

France or on crusades.

45
Q

Who did Richard loose land to in France? Why was this?

A

To King Phillip II due to John’s scheming.

46
Q

When did John become king?

A

In 1199 when Richard died.

47
Q

After losing the remaining French land where did John hold on to?

A

Gascony

48
Q

Why did John become known as ‘softsword’?

A

His poor military reputation.

49
Q

Who did John have to deal with the attacks from?

A

Those who wanted his brother, Arthur, to be kings and from King Philip II of France.

50
Q

Name the 4 territories John lost of the Angevin Empire.

A
  1. Brittany
  2. Anjou
  3. Normandy
  4. Maine
51
Q

Who did John loose these 4 territories too? When did this happen?

A

To King Phillip II of France in 1202-05.

52
Q

Name 3 reasons why the English Barons were angered under John’s rule.

A
  1. Angevin Empire was reduced to the control of Gascony only
  2. High taxes in England to pay for attempted invasion to get French and back
  3. John didn’t listen to the barons
53
Q

Why did John agree to the demands if the army the barons had raised against him?

A

He needed the barons support to stay in power.

54
Q

When and where did John sign the Magna Carta?

A

1215 in London

55
Q

What did the Magna Carta promise?

A

To respect the rights of the barons and to stop unfair taxes.

56
Q

When did John die?

A

1216

57
Q

What did John’s loss of Anjou and many important French lands mark the end of?

A

The Angevin Empire

GCSE History (40 decks)

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