Britain- Migration, Empires and the People c790-Present Day: Colonisation in North America

Question 1

By the mid – ____s there were __ established colonies and more people started to leave Britain to become _______ in America

Answer 1

1. 1700
2. 13
3. settlers

Question 2

What were the three main reasons many people decided to leave Britain?

Answer 2

1.Economic factors
2. Religious factors
3. War

Question 3

What were 3 economic factors that led to people leaving Britain?

Answer 3

1. Britain’s high unemployment levels
2. Low wages for farm hands and labourers
3. Failed harvest caused starvation

Question 4

What were 2 economic factors that made North American appealing to the British?

Answer 4

1. Plantations and growing cash crops gave people the chance to make lots of money
2. North American seas were stocked with profitable cod

Question 5

Which 3 Christian groups had faced religious persecution in Britain?

Answer 5

1. Puritans
2. Quakers
3. Catholics

Question 6

What was the punishment for failing to attend Anglican services?

Answer 6

Death

Question 7

Name 2 reasons why North America would be appealing to various religious groups.

Answer 7

1. Different religious groups could join colonies and have religious freedom
2. Some religious groups wanted to migrate in order to convert indigenous people to Christianity

Question 8

What had the Civil War in Britain resulted in between the religious groups in Britain?

Answer 8

Increased conflict

Question 9

What was the name of the first permanent English settlement in North America?

Answer 9

Jamestown

Question 10

Where was the first permanent English settlement in North America?

Answer 10

Virginia

Question 11

When was Jamestown founded?

Answer 11

1607

Question 12

Why was Jamestown created?

Answer 12

To find gold and to grow crops

Question 13

Who did the early settlers of Jamestown have some conflict with?

Answer 13

The indigenous Americans whos land they were occupying.

Question 14

Who did settlers of Jamestown have to rely on to help them find and grow food?

Answer 14

The local tribes

Question 15

What made Jamestown a success?

Answer 15

With support from some indigenous tries they began to farm the land successfully, with commodities such as tobacco.

Question 16

Who had created the colony of Jamestown?

Answer 16

Businessman who were given permission by James I.

Question 17

Who founded the second American colony called New Plymouth?

Answer 17

The Puritans

Question 18

What did the Puritans who founded new Plymouth become known as?

Answer 18

The Pilgrim Fathers

Question 19

Where was new Plymouth located?

Answer 19

Massachusetts

Question 20

When was the colony of New Plymouth founded?

Answer 20

1620

Question 21

Why did the Pilgrim Fathers set up the colony of New Plymouth?

Answer 21

To escape religious persecution

Question 22

What did the Pilgrim Fathers a im to do within their own religious colony?

Answer 22

Fish and trade with other colonies.

Question 23

What type of fish did the Puritans farm?

Answer 23

Offshore cord

Question 24

How did the Pilgrim Fathers keep their puritan beliefs Central to colony life?

Answer 24

They established democratic principles and a constitution.

Question 25

True or false: The democratic principles and constitution established by the Pilgrim Fathers would become the Foundation of modern America.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Who was Sir Walter Raleigh?

Answer 26

A sea captain for both Queen Elizabeth I and King James I.
. He was known as the ‘Father of American colonies’

Question 27

When was Sir Walter Raleigh sent to set up colonies in Virginia?

Answer 27

1584

Question 28

What colony did Sir Walter Raleigh establish in 1584?

Answer 28

Roanoke

Question 29

What were three main issues the Settlers in Roanoke faced?

Answer 29

1. Problems with crops and supplies
2. Conflict with indigenous Americans
3. Diseases like malaria

Question 30

What were the British settlers seen as by the indigenous Americans?

Answer 30

Invaders

Question 31

Despite the good relations between the British and indigenous Americans initially, how did this relationship deteriorate?

Answer 31

In general British settlers didn’t treat the indigenous Americans with respect and attacked their crops and villages.

Question 32

What percentage of the total population of the USA are indigenous Americans?

Answer 32

0.7 %

Question 33

Name 2 things that led to the decrease in indigenous Americans population.

Answer 33

1. Diseases that the Settlers had brought over wiped out many tribes 2. The indigenous American way of life was wiped out and many had adapted to European ways to survive

Question 34

In 1500, there were approximately ______ indigenous Americans in ‘British’ territories. However, by ____ there were fewer than ______.

Answer 34

1. 560000
2. 1700
3. 280000

Question 35

List 2 long-term causes of tension between the American colonists and the British.

Answer 35

1. Many colonists were ‘self-made’ business people that saw the British class system as outdated
2. America had a strong economy that didn’t rely on trade with Britain

Question 36

What laws meant that only British goods could be imported into America?

Answer 36

The Navigation Acts (1651- 73)

Question 37

What did the monopoly of trade with just the British cause in North America?

Answer 37

. Restricted the type of goods that could be brought to America
. Made competition rare
. Prices were high

Question 38

Finish the sentence: Even though the Americans were ruled directly from Britain they had no…

Answer 38

representatives in Parliament in the British Parliament and were unhappy at paying taxes without having any say.

Question 39

What was the Stamp Act of 1765?

Answer 39

A tax on the paper used for all official documents in America

Question 40

What war did the colonists taxes also fund for Britain?

Answer 40

The British Wars against the French (that the colonist had little to do with).

Question 41

When was the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 41

16th December 1773

Question 42

What was the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 42

When colonists poured British tea into the harbour in protest at the tax on tea imposed by the British.

Question 43

How did the British respond to the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 43

By closing Boston port.

Question 44

Where was the ‘First Congress’ in 1774?

Answer 44

Philadelphia

Question 45

What decision was made at the ‘First Congress’?

Answer 45

To fight the British in the War of Independence.

Question 46

What did Britain do in an effort to force American rebels to stay loyal?

Answer 46

Send soldiers

Question 47

When was George Washington appointed leader of the American army?

Answer 47

July 1775

Question 48

When did Congress meet to formally declare themselves as independent from Britain?

Answer 48

July 1776

Question 49

When did Britain only admit that it had lost?

Answer 49

3rd September 1783

Question 50

How many British soldiers had died during the war?

Answer 50

10, 000

Question 51

How many British sailors died during the war?

Answer 51

20,000

Question 52

How much did the War of Independence cost Britain?

Answer 52

£80 million

Question 53

Rapid __________ meant that Britain was still wealthy despite the War of Independence.

Answer 53

Industrialisation

Question 54

What was Britain and America soon doing again which led to them eventually becoming allies?

Answer 54

Trading (including the slave trade)

Question 55

When had Britain developed the world’s biggest Navy?

Answer 55

By 1813

Question 56

What did Britain’s Navy help to do?

Answer 56

. Defend existing colonies
. Gain new colonies
. Fight existing opponents like France

Question 57

Where was Britain able to focus its wealth and resources in?

Answer 57

Expanding and developing into places like Canada, the Caribbean, parts of Africa, and India

Question 58

Which 2 places did Britain use as a new destination for criminals and as a market for British goods?

Answer 58

Australia and New Zealand