Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Question 1

Compounds two types

Answer 1

Inorganic: compounds are small and have a simple formula e.g. CO2, H2O.

Organic: compounds always contain carbon and are often very large and complex. Many are made by living things e.g. proteins, DNA…

Question 2

Mixture 4 main types

Answer 2

Solutions, Colloids, Suspensions, and Emulsions

Question 3

Solutions (3)

Answer 3

A mixture in which a soluble liquid or solid (solute) is dissolved in a solvent.

Examples: Water is solvent and sugar is solute, spinal fluid, blood plasma…

Solutes that dissolve in water are called, Hydrophilic
Solutes that Don’t dissolve in water are called, Hydrophobic.

Question 4

Colloids

Answer 4

Particles are too small to be seen, they cannot pass through semi-permeable membranes. Proteins in the body form colloidal mixtures.

Examples: Egg white, Proteins in milk, and blood plasmid

Question 5

Suspensions

Answer 5

Very small but visible particles of solid suspended in a liquid.

Examples: Freshly squeezed orange juice and muddy water

Question 6

Emulsions

Answer 6

Droplets of one liquid suspended in another liquid.

Examples: Bile salts act as emulsifiers to allow dispersion of fats in the intestines and oil in water.

Question 7

Main types of mixtures found in blood

Answer 7

Whole blood = Solid parts + Liquid part

Solid parts: Blood cells e.g. red/white blood cells, platelets

Liquid part: blood plasma.