Acids and Bases

Question 1

Acids are defined as…

Answer 1

proton or hydrogen ion donors in an aqueous solution.

Question 2

Strong Acids (3)

Answer 2

Ionises completely i.e. all acid molecules separate into ions

HCL ——–> H+ + Cl-

Contains a lot of H+ ions

Question 3

Strong Acids Examples (3)

Answer 3

Hydrochloric acid

Nitric Acid

Sulfuric acid

Question 4

Weak Acids (3)

Answer 4

Only partially ionize

While the whole acid molecules are dissociating into ions, the ions are also rejoining to form whole molecules again

Does not contain a lot of H+ ions

Question 5

Weak Acids Examples (3)

Answer 5

Acetic acid

Sulfurous acid (H2SO3)

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)

Question 6

Bases are defines as…

Answer 6

proton acceptors i.e they will remove H+ ions from the solution

Instead, they produce OH- ions in an aqueous solution

Question 7

Strong Bases examples (2)

Answer 7

KOH

NaOH

Question 8

Weak Bases examples (2)

Answer 8

NH3

Mg(OH)3

Question 9

Weak Bases (2)

Answer 9

In aqueous solution partially ionises

Equlibrium reaction

Question 10

Neutralisation reactions (4)

Answer 10

Acids and Bases react to form neutral products

H+ ion from the acid and OH- ion from the base react to form water

An ionic compound called a salt is formed from the remaining ions

Acid + Base ——–> Salt + Water