Electrolytes and Lab Data Flashcards
Electrolyte functions: sodium
Causes the body to retain water (Sodium Swells)
What system responds to changes to: Sodium?
Brain
- The brain does not like when sodium is out of whack
- Neuro changes w/sodium imbalances
Electrolyte functions: Potassium
Potassium helps the heart muscle to pump out blood to the body
What system is affected by changes in: Potassium?
Heart
Potassium imbalances can cause cardiac dysrhythmias that can be life threatening
Electrolyte functions: phosphorus
Helps the body use vitamins to maintain tooth and bone health
Electrolyte functions: Calcium
Calcium think creating bone
- Calcium imbalance is at risk for pathological fractures
- Responsible for muscle contraction
Electrolyte functions: magnesium
Manages muscle
Functions:
- builds protein and strong bones
- regulates blood sugar, BP, and muscle/nerve function
- Counteracts calcium
Systemic affect from increased magnesium?
Causes decreased vitals signs
- calming effect, muscle relaxation & sedated
- Magnesium helps counteract effects of calcium which promotes contraction
Electrolyte functions: chloride
Carrying fluids
Systemic function of Chloride?
Maintain healthy fluid volume in the cells
HYPOnatermia is a reflection of which electrolyte?
Sodium
What are complications of Hyponatremia?
- Seizures and coma,
- Decreased BP
- Increased HR
The brain does not like it when which electrolyte is out of balance?
Sodium
Hypernatremia is a reflection of high…?
Sodium
What are some signs/symptoms of hypernatermia?
Big & Bloated
- Edema
- Increased BP
- Fluid retention
- Flushed skin
Hypo/hyperkalamia is a imbalance of which electrolyte?
Potassium (K+)
What can Potassium imbalances cause?
cardiac dysrhymthimias
What are some complications of Hypokalamia?
Not enough contraction (weak)
Other:
- constipation & paralytic lieu’s
What are some complications of hyperkalamia?
Muscle contract for TOO long
Others:
-Diarrhea
-paralysis in extremities
What kind of relationship does Calcium and Phosphorus have?
Inverse relationship
What is the function of Spironolactone?
Potassium sparring diuretic (maintains)
- KEEPS K+
Risk:
High potassium
Low magnesium can cause what change in the QRS complex?
A prolonged QT interval.
AKA hypomagnesemia
Normal Sodium Levels?
135-145
What are signs and symptoms of high sodium levels?
- Causes?