Electrolytes Flashcards
1
Q
How does urine osmolality differ between central and nephrogenic DI?
A
Central: < 200 mOsm/L
Nephro: 200 - 500 mOsm/L
2
Q
Hyperglycemic non-ketotic syndrome can cause what electrolyte abnormality?
A
hypovolemic hypernatremia
3
Q
What are the diagnostic criteria for SIADH?
A
urine osmolarity > serum osmolarity
serium Na < 135
serum osmolarity < 280urine Na > 20 over 24 hours
4
Q
What are the treatments for SIADH?
A
- fluid restriction
- demecoccline (induces nephrogenic DI)
- furosemide w/ 3%
5
Q
What is the treatment for hyperkalemia w/ EKG changes?
A
- stabilize cardiac membranes w/ calcium gluconate
- insulin
- furosemide
6
Q
Where is magnesium absorbed in the nephron?
A
loop of henle
7
Q
What hormone is affected by hypomagnesemia?
A
low parathyroid hormone
8
Q
Blood transfusions can cause what calcium abnormality?
A
hypocalcemia (citrate binding to Ca ions)
9
Q
Hypocalcemia causes what neuromuscular findings?
A
hyperreflexia, tetany, and seizures
