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I and I Midterm > Eicasanoids > Flashcards

Eicasanoids Flashcards

1
Q

Eicosanoids serve as local ______

A

Hormones

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2
Q

Basic overview of eico functions

A

Inflammation
Smooth muscle contraction
Water/sodium excretion by kidney
Blood pressure regulation
Blood clot
Bronchodilator/constrictor

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3
Q

Eico communicate thru ___ signaling

A

Paracrine

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4
Q

Precursor of all eico

A

Arachidonic Acid (AA)

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5
Q

Where do you get AA from

A

Food
sardines, salmon, eggs, chicken, pork, beef

Made from linoleic acid
THIS ONE IS more IMPORTANT

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6
Q

What stimulates release of AA

A

Histamine
Cytokines
Chemical
And physical

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7
Q

How is AA FA cleaved in first step of release

A

Activation of phospholipase A2 or Phospholipase C/DAG lipase/IP3

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8
Q

What should you eat to get more eicosanoids

A

Vegetable oil (omega 6 FAs)

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9
Q

Cox 1 vs Cox 2

A

1 = expressed in most cells, house keeping

2 = low constitutive, inducible by cytokines and inflammation

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10
Q

Shape of thromboxane vs protoglandins

A

TH = six membered ring and one O atom

P = 5 ring

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11
Q

Prostaglandin functions

A

Vasodilation, inhibits platelet aggregation

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12
Q

Function of thromboxane

A

Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation

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13
Q

Draw out PG and TX pathway

A

Do it

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14
Q

PGI2 aka

A

Prostacyclins

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15
Q

Function of PGI2

A

Relaxant!

In vascular endothelial cells
Vasodilator
Bronchiodilate
Inhibit plat. Aggregation

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16
Q

TXA2 aka

A

Thromboxane

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17
Q

TXA2 function

A

Produced by platelets

Vasoconstriction
Platelet aggregation
Bronchoconstriction

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18
Q

GsCAMP overall function
And
pathway molecules

A

Relaxant

DIE

PGD2
PGE2
PGI2

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19
Q

Gq-PLC-CA overall function
And
Molecules

A

Contractile

PGF2α and PGE2

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20
Q

Gi-cAMP overall function
And
Molecules

A

Inhibitory

PGE2, PGD2

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21
Q

COX 1 only expressed in _____ platelets

A

Mature

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22
Q

Normally COX2 is at _____ levels

A

Low

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23
Q

COX 1 and 2 are inhibited by

A

NSAIDS
aspirin
ibuprofen

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24
Q

GI, Kidney, heart

COX distributions

A

GI = COX 1

Kid = both

Heart = both

25
Q

Aspirin does what to gut

A

Aspirin will inhibit COX 1
Which will decrease mucus secretion

26
Q

In cardiovascular system PGI2 is from

A

COX2

27
Q

In cardiovascular system TXA2 is from

A

COX 1

28
Q

Draw out pathway for LOX

A

Do it

29
Q

Three double bonds in a series indicates

A

Leukotrienes

30
Q

Associated with inflammation and immunity, such as asthma and anaphylactic shock

A

Leukotrienes

31
Q

Chemotactic agent and activator of neutrophils

A

LTB4

32
Q

Secreted in asthma and anaphylaxis

A

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4

33
Q

Conjugated tetraenes

A

Lipoxin

34
Q

Formed by interaction between leukocytes and platelets, may help resolve inflammation

A

Lipoxins

35
Q

Formed by leukocytes, mast cells, platelets, and macrophages

A

Leukotrienes

36
Q

What has more oxygen involved in structure LT or LX

A

LX

37
Q

Is PGH2 stable or unstable

A

Unstable

38
Q

Is HPETE stable or unstable

A

Unstable

39
Q

What is chemotaxis

A

Movement of neutrophils

40
Q

LX are formed via ______ reactions

A

Reduction

41
Q

____ stimulate superoxide anion production in leukocytes to _____

A

LX

Kill the bacteria!

42
Q

Functions of LT

A

Neutrophil chemotaxis

Stim bronchoconstriction

Promote mucus secretion in airway and gut

43
Q

LX functions

A

Promote bacterial clearance

44
Q

What can treat asthma

A

LOX inhibitors
LT receptor antagonists

45
Q

Pathway for LT

A

Gq and GI coupling

46
Q

Pathway for LX

A

GPCRs

47
Q

Eico ____ inflammation and _____ inflammation

A

Mediate

Cause

48
Q

_____ synthesis in the CNS due to Pyrogens to induce ____

A

Prostaglandin

Fever

49
Q

Reduce transcription of genes encoding COX2 and PLA2

A

Steroids

50
Q

Anti-inflammation, antipyretic, analgesic, treat asthma, suppress synthesis of allllll eico

A

Steroids

51
Q

What do COX inhibitors do and an example of 2

A

Suppress synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes

Aspirin
Ibuprofen

52
Q

Not an NSAID

A

Tylenol (acetaminophen)

53
Q

Tylenol is not and anti inflammatory drug because

A

Weak cox1 and cox2 inhibition

54
Q

Reversibly inhibit cox

A

Ibuprofen

55
Q

Irreversibly inhibit cox

A

Aspirin

56
Q

Aspirin 2nd use
It will mainly target

A

Anti platelet therapy at low dose
Cox 1

57
Q

COX2 inhibitor

A

Anti inflammation WITHOUT GI adverse effects

58
Q

COX 2 inhibitors can cause risk of ____ because _____

A

Thrombosis, stroke, MI

Prostacyclin is reduced and it is in charge of vasodilation, and inhibiting platelet aggregation

I and I Midterm (19 decks)

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