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I and I Midterm > Anaerobes > Flashcards

Anaerobes Flashcards

1
Q

Aerotolerant

A

Will not utilize O2 but tolerates low levels of O2

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2
Q

Microaerophillic organisms

A

Utilizes O2 but grows only in the presence of LOW O2

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3
Q

Black colonies on bile-esculin agar

A

Bacteriolysis fragilis

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4
Q

Chronic pus filled lesion in jaw of person who doesn’t brush their teeth

A

Actinomyces

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5
Q

Important component of polymicrobial anaerobic abdominal infections

A

Bactericides fragilis

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6
Q

Food poisoning; enteritis necroticans; gas gangrene

A

Clostridium Perfringens

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7
Q

Vax induces immunity to the neurotoxin expressed by this bacterium

A

Clostridium tetani

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8
Q

Can cause flaccid paralysis

A

Clostridium botulinum

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9
Q

Can cause pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridiodes difficile

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10
Q

Syphyillus sketchy setting

A

Pallidum observatory

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11
Q

Spirochete bacteria

A

Treponema Pallidum
Leptospirosis Interrogans
Bordelaise Burgodorferi

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12
Q

Drumstick like appearance

A

Clostridium tetani

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13
Q

Toxin of clostridium tetani

A

Tetanospasmin; AB exotoxin

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14
Q

Tetanospasmin does ____

A

Blocks release of inhibitory GABA
Spasms

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15
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

Heat labile
AB exotoxin
Prevents acetylcholine release at junction
Flaccid paralysis

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16
Q

Adult vs infant botulism

A

Adult: preformed toxin in food
Infant: consume spore

17
Q

Alpha toxin of perfringens

A

Lecithinase aka phospholipase C

Damages cell membranes

Causing myonecrosis(gas gangrene) and hemolysis

18
Q

Double zone of hemolysis alpha vs theta

A

Alpha - partial hemolysis
Theta - complete hemolysis

19
Q

Gas gangrene vs enterotoxin

A

GG: gas formation, bad smells, if it disseminates it can lead to shock, renal failure, death

Enterotoxin: food poisoning, alter membrane permeability, fluid loss and cell death, watery diarrhea

20
Q

C Diff toxins

A

Toxin A
Toxin B (more virulent)

Depolymerize actin - Disrupt cytoskeleton
Disrupt intercellular junctions
Hypersecrete fluids
Apoptosis
Inflammation

21
Q

Growth stimulated by bile

A

Bacteroides fragilis

22
Q

Hydrolyzes esculin —> black precipitate

A

Bacteroides fragilis

23
Q

Major virulence factor of Bacteroides fragilis

A

Polysaccharide capsule

24
Q

Most common pathogen found in intraabdominal infections

A

Bacteroides fragilis

25
Q

Most common cause of anaerobic bacteremia

A

Bacteroides fragilis

26
Q

Bacteroides fragilis toxin

A

Heat labile zinc metalloproteas toxin
rearranges actin
induces IL-8 release
stim. Cl- release and water loss which leads to inflammatory diarrhea

27
Q

Gram negative anaerobic rods and key points of each

A

Bacteroides - gut microbiome component
Prevotella - infections above diaphragm or gynecological
Porphyromonas - gingivitis and dental abscesses
Fusobacterium - normal flora of mouth, colon, and female genital tract

28
Q

Most common fusobacterium

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

29
Q

Trench mouth is from and key characteristics

A

From prevotella and fusobacterium

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
Bleeding gums
Bad breath
In malnourished kids

30
Q

Lemierre’s syndrome is from and key characteristics

A

From fusobacterium nucleatum

Acute orpharyngeal infection
Pharyngitis, fever, lateral neck swelling and tenderness
Jugular vein thrombophlebitis
Abscess formation in lung

31
Q

What causes lumpy jaw and what are key characteristics

A

Actinomyces is

Resembles fungal infection
Chronic
Pus with sulfur granules
yellow, sand looking

32
Q

Anaerobes colonize_____

A

Endogenous organisms
They’re already in us!!

33
Q

Anaerobe infections are often_____

A

Polymicrobial
Lots of different anaerobes attack at once

34
Q

Anaerobic infections involve

A

Abscesses and foul odor&gas

35
Q

Gram positive bacilli non spore forming anaerobic

A

Actinomyces
Lactobacillus
Mobluncus
Cutibacterium/propionibacterium

36
Q

Gram positive cocci anaerobic

A

Peptrostreptococcus
Peptococcus

37
Q

Anaerobic gram negative bacilli

A

Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Porphyromonas
Prevotella

38
Q

Anaerobic gram negative cocci

A

Veillonella

39
Q

What does α, β, θ toxin do in _______

A

Clostridium perfringens

A = lecithinase (phopholipase C) lyses RBC, platelets, and endothelial cells
B = necrotizing activity
U = hemolysin

I and I Midterm (19 decks)

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