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History A Level > Edward IV Upwards > Flashcards

Edward IV Upwards Flashcards

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1
Q

What were some problems that Edward IV faced after 1471

A
  • The economy
  • His children were technically illegitimate
  • Law and order wasn’t stable
  • Lancastrians weren’t all dead yet
  • The bastard of Fauconberg was planning a rebellion
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2
Q

How could Edward deal with Lancastrians after reclaiming his throne?

A
  • Attain them, parliament issued these against many Welsh Lords still holding out (Earl of Pembroke surrendered in 1471)
  • Pardon and reconcile (John Morton 1473, who survived to become master of the Rolls and one of the negotiators in the Treaty of Picquiany)
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3
Q

When was the siege of London?

A

12-15 May 1471 (by the Bastard of Fauconberg)

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4
Q

Why was Fauconberg was a threat

A

-Threatened to revive the Lancastrian cause. Henry VI was captive in the Tower of London, alongside Edward IV’s wife and children, Edward was away and left London to delegate

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5
Q

Reasons why Fauconberg wasn’t a threat

A

-The siege was put down after two attacks on the outskirts of London
-short of money and easily distracted by piracy that would pay for his fleet and men (makes him seem un-noble)
-His men weren’t loyal to him. Mainly loyal to Warwick, Henry VI or they just wanted to plunder London
He died in September 1471 after pleading for his life and saying he would endorse the Royal Navy with ships and to expose his men

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6
Q

Why was Jasper Tudor was a threat in the 1460s

A

-Jaspers dad Owen Tudor led the welsh force and was killed on the 2nd February
-Helped Margaret of Anjou gain financial and military support in March 1462 from France
-Jasper helped the Lancastrians capture castles, land (Bamburgh Castle) and raise troops
-

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7
Q

When was Jasper Tudor declared a traitor?

A

1461 shortly after Edward became king (lands were confiscated)

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8
Q

Why Jasper Tudor wasn’t a threat in the 1470s

A
  • Jasper and Henry Tudor were both imprisoned in Vannes
  • Henry Tudor was only 14 and with a weak claim to the throne
  • Geographically Wales is small, easy to contain because he only had support in Wales
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9
Q

When did John De Vere 13th Earl of Oxford capture the island of St Michaels mount in Cornwall?

A

30 September 1473

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10
Q

When was St Michael’s Mount surrendered by John De Vere?

A

15 February 1474

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11
Q

Reasons why John De Vere 13th Earl of Oxford not a threat?

A
  • St Michaels Mount was far away from London to cause damage
  • France never sent troops to support him (isolated)
  • Piracy and forcefulness made him feel illegitimate
  • He had no clear aim
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12
Q

Reasons why Edward IV was bad at preventing rebellion

A
  • Didn’t make an example of the perpetrators enough (John De Vere with his track recorded was only imprisoned)
  • No detergent to prevent rebellion
  • Reactionary rule
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13
Q

Reasons why Edward IV was successful at preventing rebellion

A
  • None of the threats were successful
  • Kept the throne until 1483
  • Delegated well
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14
Q

What were some difficulties Clarence faced in the 1470s

A
  • Baby died
  • Declared Traitor by his brother after asking for safe conduct to see Edward (after Edward had summoned him)
  • Lincolnshire rebellion, people involved claimed that they were putting him on the throne after torture. Awkward because he claimed he wasn’t
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15
Q

Reasons why Edward IV was responsible for the Anne Beachump dispute

A
  • He warped the law for playing favourites, Richard Duke of Gloucester was the youngest and Clarence was older than him, Clarence should’ve received what Richard had
  • To lenient towards Clarence
  • Declared Anne Beachump “legally” dead even when she was still alive
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16
Q

Reasons why Edward wasn’t responsible for the Anne Beachump dispute

A
  • Clarence his Anne Beachump from Edward IV disguising her as a maid
  • Edward tried to prevent rivalry but Clarence didn’t listen to him
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17
Q

Why would Edward IV gain from Anne Beachump being dead?

A

She could’ve married someone else, giving them to much land and power

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18
Q

What happened on 5th January 1477

A

The siege of Nancy Charles Duke of Burgundy was killed. The sole heiress to this great estate was Mary, the 19 year old Stepdaughter of Edward IV’s sister Margaret

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19
Q

Why couldn’t Edward let Clarence marry Mary of Burgundy?

A
  • Long distant claim to the throne through her grandmother (Isabel of Portugal)
  • Same as Anne Beachump had lots of land and power (though he couldn’t suggest an alternative as Richard Duke of Gloucester was already married)
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20
Q

Who did Edward deny Clarence marriage with?

A
  • Mary of Burgundy

- Scottish Kings sister Margaret (Scottish prone to rebellion)

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21
Q

What happened on April 1477?

A

Clarence arrested Ankarette Twynho, John Thursby and Roger Tocottes, accusing them of poisoning his wife Isabel (found guilty by a packed Jury and the first two were executed, Tocottes escaped)

22
Q

How did Edward IV respond to Clarences illegal arresting?

A

Arrested Dr John Stacey and Thomas Burdet on the terms of necromancy to bring about the kings death (admitted under torture, Clarence later declared their innocence but dug himself into a hole of suspicion)

23
Q

What happened in June 1477?

A

Clarence was arrested by Edward IV

24
Q

What happened from January-February 1478

A

Clarence was accused with no defence in court, and was condemned on the 7th February then executed ten days later

25
Q

What happened on the 24 July 1474?

A

Treaty of London. England and the Duchy of Burgundy agreed to join forces and invade France by July 1475

26
Q

What happens on the 4 July 1475?

A

Edward lands in Calais and prepares to invade France

27
Q

What happens on the 14 July 1475?

A

Charles Duke of Burgundy shows up with no army. Makes Edward IV look stupid and weak as he couldn’t enforce his own treaties. Plus made the invasion impossible

28
Q

Why did Edward IV want to invade France?

A
  • he wanted to compare himself to the public with Henry the 5th
  • he wanted foreign attention
29
Q

What happens in May 1468?

A

Edward IV raises £18,000 to go to war with France, but due to the rebellions with Warwick he kept the money. Created public controversy

30
Q

When was the Treaty of Picquiany?

A

29th august 1475

31
Q

What did the treaty of Picqiany do?

A
  • Louis 11th had to give £15,000 to Edward IV then £10,000 annually
  • A 7 year truce was sealed with the promise of the marriage of the French Dauphin to Edward IV’s elder daughter Elizabeth
  • Neither king was allowed to give help to subjects that the other was attacking
32
Q

How much money had Edward raised for the invasion of France by 1475?

A

£100,000

33
Q

What happened on the 11 September 1472?

A

Alliance between the Duchy of Brittany and England

34
Q

When did Edward IV die?

A

9 April 1483

35
Q

What happens on the 30th April 1483?

A

Richard Duke of Gloucester invites Earl Rivers for a drink. Rivers was then captured by Richard and arrested for treason (sent him on a blood feud with the Woodville’s and Edward’s son)

36
Q

According to Dominic Manchini who advised Richard to come to London armed and to detain Rivers?

A

Lord Hastings, Lord Chamberlain and very well respected noble. Head of the royal household

37
Q

When did Richard Duke of Gloucester get appointed Lord Protector?

A

10 May 1483

38
Q

What happens on the 23rd May 1483?

A

Gloucester, Buckingham and the archbishops try to persuade Queen Elizabeth to leave sanctuary of Westminster Abbey but fail

39
Q

What happens on the 10-11th June 1483?

A

The Duke of Gloucester writes to the cities of York and Hull, and to Lord Neville, asking for military support and for the troops to muster at Pontefract on 18th June. The city of York was told specifically of a plot by the Queen to persuade them to Gloucester’s support

40
Q

What happens on the 13 June 1483?

A

Lord Hastings is arrested at a council meeting at the Tower of London by the Duke of Gloucester. Lord Hastings is executed without trial after being charged with conspiracy with the Queen. Archbishop Rotherham of York and Bishop Morton are arrested and imprisoned

41
Q

What happens on the 16th June 1483?

A

Richard duke of York is removed from sanctuary at Westminster Abbey to the Tower of London. Elizabeth Woodville let him go out of fear Richard would violate sanctuary

42
Q

What happens on the 22 June 1483?

A

The bastardy of the princes rumoured then preached at St Paul’s Cross, London on the 25th. Earl Rivers makes his will in expectation of execution

43
Q

What happened on the 24th June 1483?

A

Earl Rivers, Richard Grey and Thomas Vaughn are executed at Pontefract

44
Q

What happens on the 26th June 1483?

A

Richard Duke of Gloucester becomes elected King Richard III by a meeting of estates

45
Q

What happens on the 6 July 1483?

A

The coronation of Richard III

46
Q

What did the Titulus Regius say?

A
  • Clarence was attained (wiping off his children’s claim)
  • Richard was born on English soil, unlike Edward who was born in France (linking him to the unpopularity)
  • Rumours of an illegitimate marriage and adultery (Eleanor Butler and his Mistress Jane)
  • Edward’s reign was criticised and parliament argued only Richard could restore order
  • He was a good soldier and experienced in battle (positive qualities a king should have, contrast with the kid Edward V)
47
Q

What other things did Richard claim other than the Titulus Regius why he should be king?

A
  • Claims of Elizabeth Woodville using witchcraft
  • Claims that Edward IV’s mum outbursting that she had an affair with a French Archer, making Edward a bastard child (backing that up with how Edward looked nothing like his father)
48
Q

When did Richard III go on a progress? And why was it so successful?

A

Mid July 1483 after he was coronated. It was a success because he had the financial support, and military strength to feel safe leaving London and to do a tour in the first place

49
Q

What happens on the 13th August 1483?

A

Due to the rumours of Henry Tudor having a claim to the throne, Richard took land from John Welles, half brother of Margaret Beaufort (Henry’s Mother)

50
Q

Why would Buckingham be involved in Buckingham’s Rebellion?

A
  • Gaining a conscience over the disappearance of the princes
  • Wanted to lead a rebellion for Henry Tudor
  • May have been dissatisfied with rewards from Richard. He wanted to earldom of Hereford, the letters were patented but never sent
51
Q

Who were the main organisers behind Buckingham’s Rebellion?

A

Margaret Beaufort and Elizabeth Woodville

52
Q

When was Buckingham’s Rebellion?

A

October 1483 though rumours of the rebellion can be seen back in September

History A Level (10 decks)

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