education theory Flashcards
Marxist
Althusser
Willis
Bowels and Gintis
Bourdieu
Althusser
Marxist
There are two main functions of the education system ; The reproduction of the skills necessary for an effective labour force The reproduction of the ruling class ideology and the socialisation of working in terms of it
we are taught a false class consisous from a young age means we can easily be exploited
Willis
marxist
‘Lad’ creating an anit school culture, which they would have failtisc mind sets
Were lallabled negatively by teachers as ‘ear oles’.
The counter school culture helped prepare the lads for the boredom and monotony of the work they were to do later on in life, they adopted similar distractions techniques in the workplace such as joking around
Bowels and Gintis
marxist
Close correspondence between the social relationships in the classroom and the workplace.
Schools are like the wider society they are based on a hierarchy, teachers give orders students must obey, corresponding later in life with the lack of control in the workplace and doing as they are told.
School young people are motivated by eternal rewards like qualification, which reflects in the workplace external reward being pay.
Bourdieu
Identified 3 types of capital
Economic ( money)
Social ( advantages in peer groups and networks)
Cultural
Says cultural capital is useful in the understanding of how different social groups experience education
functionalism
Durkheim
parsons
Davis and Moore
Durkheim
functionalism
education teaches the skills required by modern industrial society with a specialised division of labour. as occupational roles become more specialised more extended periods in education become necessary general skills = literacy and numeracy as well as specific skills needed for partial occupants
Education has two roles;
To teach us shared norms and values
To prepare us for the workplace / economy through metoricy
Education promotes social solidarity ( feeling of unity and belonging based on shared beliefs and values ‘togetherness).
Parsons
Functionalism
education helps society by socialising young people into key cultural values and togetherness - values of consensus and social solidarity.
value consensus - achievement, competition, equality of opportunity, meritocracy, democracy, religion morality
social solidarity - uniform , team sports , history , citizenship
Argues that education is equal and metoicatic all students have equal access to the curriculum and achievements
Davis and Moore
functionalism
Fair - education allocates people to the most appropriate jobs for their talent using examination and qualifications. its a ladder of opportunity for people to achieve through mediocracy ability and effort = merit
Therefore the best people gain the best jobs and there is equality of opportunity
Education helps role allocation into different area based on skills
Thoes who do acidemci studies take you in to better jobs vs btecs / vocationals do not
All roles must be filled
They must be filled by those best able to perform them
The necessary training for them must be undertaken
The roles must be preformed conscientiously
Agued that all societies need some ‘ mechanism’ for ensuring effective role allocation and performance ( social stratification) .
Feminism
Kelly
Colley
heaton and lawson
Kelly
feminism
Claimed that science subjects were packaged for boys.
Science textbooks have very few women portrayed in them and examples used by teachers were more relevant to boys and boys’ interests.
Teachers would let boys dominate the science classroom.
Colley
feminism
Found that subject choices at school were gendered and girls and boys chose different subjects which affected their future career paths.
These differences came about due to perceptions of what was masculine and feminine
Heaton and Lawson
feminism
there is a patriarchal curriculum – Students are taught about the world from a male perspective and also taught about male history / role models.
They also explain that although teaching is a female dominated profession there are few females in ‘top jobs’ within education.
The social democratic approach ( Equality of opportunity)
Halsey
sure start
EMA
City academy
Halsey
The social democratic approach ( Equality of opportunity)
( Critical of gramma schools)
Middle class students where more likely to be placed in gramma schools as they have the cultural capital. Believed that a new system should be implemented to provide greater equality of opportunity.
