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Sociology > Education - External Factors (Class Differences) > Flashcards

Education - External Factors (Class Differences) Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is cultural deprivation?

A

Being deprived of middle class values, norms, skills and knowledge

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2
Q

What are the two types of speech codes?
(Bernstein)

A

Restricted code
Elabroated code

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3
Q

Features of the Restricted Code?

(Bernstein)

A

Used by the working-class
Context-bound
Limited vocabulary
Predictable speech
Gramtically simple

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4
Q

Features of the Elaborated Code?

(Bernstein)

A

Used by the middle class
Complex sentences
Abstract ideas
Context-free
Varied speech
Wider vocabulary

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5
Q

What code is used in schools and in textbooks?

A

Elaborated code

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6
Q

What 3 factors do the education level of parents effect?

A

1) Parenting Style
2) Parent’s educational behaviours
3) Use of income

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7
Q

Whats an example of different uses of income of the classes?

A

Educational Toys - More expensive then regular toys, the m/c prioritise education more, these toys encourage the development of skills for educational success

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8
Q

Who came up with the theory of a working class subculture?

A

Barry Sugarman

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9
Q

What are the 4 factors of the w/c subculture?

(Sugarman)

A

Fatalism
Collectivism
Immediate Gratification
Present-time Orientation

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10
Q

What is Fatalism

(Sugarman)

A

W/C people believing their destined to fail and can’t change their situation
‘What will be, will be’

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11
Q

What is Collectivism?

(Sugarman)

A

W/C people not leaving their friends and family behind for a successful career

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12
Q

What is Immediate Gratification?

(Sugarman)

A

W/C people preparing to get financial rewards now rather than studying for the future

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13
Q

What is Present-time Orientation?

(Sugarman)

A

Just going with the flow, not having a plan for the future

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14
Q

What is compensatory education?

A

Education intended to offset the effects of socio-economic disadvantage which may restrict the educational opportunities of children from w/c backgrounds

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15
Q

What are some examples of compensatory education?

A

Sesame Street and Sure Start

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16
Q

What was Sure Start?

A

It was introduced in 1998/9 by the Labour government to tackle poverty and social exclusion by working with parents to promote childrens’ developement.
In total, there were 3,500 children’s centres built.

17
Q

What is the myth of cultural deprivation?
(Nell Keddie)

A

Argues that it is impossible for a child to be deprived of their own culture, therefore w/c children are not culturally deprived, they are just culturally different.

The issue is that the education system is failing w/c children by enforcing m/c values on them.

18
Q

What influences can wealth have on educational oppurtunites + experiences?

A

M/C have more access to private schools
W/C is put off by university fees
M/C have the money to buy textbooks
M/C have more access to trips

19
Q

What housing factors affect educational performance?

A

Overcrowded household
Damp living conditions
Insecure housing

20
Q

What diet and health factors affect educational performance?

A

Poor nutrition
Energy drinks

21
Q

How do W/C people feel about debt and how does that impact them?

A

W/C people are more debt-averse and try to avoid it
This means they are less likely to attend uni, therefore less likely to get highly paid, high status jobs

22
Q

What is Cultural Capital
(Bourdieu)

A

Having the correct knowledge for a social situation

23
Q

What are the three types of capital?

(Bourdieu)

A

Cultural Capital
Economic Capital
Educational Capital

24
Q

What did Sullivan’s study do?

A

Giving 465 pupils a questionnaire to asses cultural capital

25
Q

What did Sullivan’s study find out?

A
  • Higher cultural capital = better GCSE grades
  • Some of different classes had the same cultural capital
  • The gap in achievement in mostly created by m/c families having better resources and aspirations
26
Q

What are some problems of Sullivan’s study?

A

There may have been social desireability bias, or leading or closed questions

Sociology (10 decks)

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