Education Flashcards
What are the criticisms of the 11+ exam?
Benefited middle class students
Money bias
Gender bias
Could seriously dishearten a pupil
What are some strengths of the 11+ exam?
Provided potential social mobility
Promoted meritocracy
Why did the New Right alter the education system?
They claimed the current system was failing and standards had to be raised
What did the New Right suggest be introduced to help the school system?
The Market principles of competition and choice so that schools would compete with eachother
What act was introduced by the New Right to help improve the education system?
The Education Reform Act 1988
What did The Education Reform Act (1988) introduce?
Standardised tests for all schools
A national curriculum
Formula funding (funding based on pupil number)
Open enrolment
League tables
What are the strengths of The Education Reform Act (1988)?
Granted parents and children choice
Massively improved female education
Improved result’s
Improved standards overall
What are the weaknesses of The Educational Reform Act (1988)?
Began the privatisation of education
Caused schools to favour more pupils over quality
Limited choice remains for the working class
What is Cultural Deprivation?
Where a person has ‘inferior’ norms, values, skills and knowledge
What are some INTERNAL reasons for girls improvement in education?
More female role models
Girls are treated better in education
Feminisation of education
Introduction of coursework
Positive teacher-pupil interactions
What are some EXTERNAL factors of girls improvement in education?
The rise of feminism
Changes to the job market
Female role models
What are some INTERNAL reasons for boys under attainment in education?
Lack of male role models in education
Feminisation of education
‘Ladish’ subcultures
Lower expectations and false confidence given by teachers
Negative teacher-pupil interactions
What are some EXTERNAL reasons for boys under attainment in education?
Decline in traditional male jobs
Gendered socialisation (men are socialised to be more aggressive and active)
Lack of educated male role models
What are EXTERNAL factors that race can have on attainment?
Cultural deprivation
Attitudes and values
Family structure
Material deprivation
What are some INTERNAL factors that cause race to have an effect on attainment?
Labelling
Institutional racism
The Ethnocentric curriculum that’s taught
Pupil subcultures
How does race contribute to an individual being at greater risk of material deprivation? (3 reasons)
More likely to live In economically depressed areas
Cultural factors such as purdah in some Muslim households prevent women from working
Lack of complex linguistic skills or foreign qualifications that aren’t recognised in the UK
What is the Marxist view on education?
It rewards conformity
Transmit the ruling class ideology
Prepares pupils for their role in the workplace
Reproduces new generations of workers for the capitalist system
What is the functionalist view of education?
They believe that education prepares children for society by passing on key information needed to thrive in the world
What is the feminist reasoning for difference in attainment at school (Girls side) ?
Changing attitudes- Sue Sharpe
Different experiences of gender- Becker
Gendered socialisation- Angela Mcrobbie
Formation of Gender identities- Anne Oakly
What did Paul Willis find in his study “Learning To Labour “ about the value placed on education by Working class males
That “having a laff” was valued far more than gaining an education
Mental labour is seen as inferior to physical labour
What did Becker talk about
Labelling and the perfect student in teachers eyes
Who built on Beckers work?
Abraham
What did Abraham write about teachers labelling of students ?
Typical girl: studious and well-behaved
Typical boy : trouble maker
What is the feminist reasoning for the difference in attainment at school (Boys side) ?
Changing attitudes in groups - Paul Willis
Differences of gender’s experience- Becker
Gendered socialisation- Mac An Gal (socialisation)
Formation of Gendered Identities - Mac An Gal (boys told off for being like girls)
What are some strengths of the Interactonist approach to education?
Multiple studies back it
