Interactionism, Crime And Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

Who is considered to be the founder of Interactionism?

A

Cooley 1902

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2
Q

What is primary deviance?

A

Non-labelled deviance

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3
Q

What is secondary deviance?

A

Labelled deviance

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4
Q

What were the 5 areas of context that Becker (1963) highlighted would have an effect on how an act is viewed?

A

Who commited the act
When is the act commited
Society or culture
Historical or political circumstance
Place the act is commited

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5
Q

What did Becker call the ‘rule setters’ of a social group?

A

The moral crusaders

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6
Q

How do Moral entrepreneurs use the media? (Becker - Interactionist)

A

They use the media to create sensitisation of the public to sway them to their cause

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7
Q

What is Becker (1963) associated with?

A

Labelling theory

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8
Q

What theory is Stan Cohen (1972) associated with?

A

Interactionism

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9
Q

Who created the idea of the deviancy amplification spiral?

A

Wilkins

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10
Q

Who added media to the deviancy amplification spiral?

A

Stan Cohen (1972)

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11
Q

Who was someone who was discreditable according to Goffman 1963?

A

People who got away with crimes

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12
Q

Who is someone that is discredited (or had a spolied identity) accourding to Goffman 1963?

A

Someone who had gone through the penal process therefore are discredited

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13
Q

Who wrote about Primary and Secondary deviance?

A

Lemert (1971)

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14
Q

What is master status according to Becker?

A

Master status is your main status which is your social identity

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15
Q

How does master status (Becker) link to crime?

A

People may accept being a criminal as their master status , meaning that they act accordingly (link to self-fulfilling prophecy)

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16
Q

How did delinquent (a criminal child) get labelled according to Platt ? (1969)

A

Criminal children are labelled as delinquents who have gone off track and need help

17
Q

How are criminal adults labelled according to Platt? (1969)

A

They are seen as criminals who need punishment

18
Q

How do zones of transition (Park and Burgess) link to Platt (1969)

A

Platt found that areas of transition had the highest crime rates

19
Q

Why do interactionists disagree with functionalists?

A

They claim that crime is a reaction to labels, not a reaction to the ‘forces of society’

20
Q

When is an act considered deviant or criminal accourding to Becker?

A

When it is witnessed and labeled as such

21
Q

What did Mcrobbie and Thorton find about the frequency of moral panics and their effect?

A

They claim that moral panics are so frequent now that they have little effect on public opinion

22
Q

What did Mcrobbie and Thornton find regarding the benfit of moral panics?

A

They found that people created moral panics for their own benefit (reflexivity)

23
Q

Who claimed that Moral Panics do still have an effect on the public?

A

Good and Ben-Yehuda (2009) - claimed they still exist but have evolved

24
Q

What did Cicourel (1968) find studying the correlation between crime rates and the amount of Police officers?

A

He found that the city with the highest crime rate in his study had the highest number of police officers

The other cities’ crime rates fluctuated according to media coverage

25
What did Cicourel (1968) claim about typifications?
He claimed that those who fitted the stereotype of criminals were likely to be arrested
26
Why would the m/c be more likely to get away with crime than the w/c according to Cicourel (1968) (interactionist)
The middle class are less likely to fit the typification of a criminal and are more likely to negotiate their way out of charges
27
What were the two types of justice Braithwaite (1989) spoke about?
Disintegrative and reintergrative
28
What is disintegrative justice?
Typical 'name and shame' punishments , e.g court
29
What is reintergrative justice?
An idea proposed by Braithwaite that seeked to heal the damage caused by crime by giving the victim the power
30
What is a strength of interactionism?
It explains how Lawmaking can effect crime
31
What are two weaknesses of interactionism?
They only study a narrow range of crime Its reductionist
32
What is a marxist criticism of interactionism?
Taylor, Walton and Young (marxists) claim that interactionist theories of crime ignore the role of power in the CJS
33
Why does Birthwaite claim reintegrative justice should be used?
It is needed to maintain the social bonds of an offender (link to Hirschi)