Ecosystems, Populations + Sustainability

Question 1

How does a plant protein go to humus

`

Answer 1

Excretion, Decomposition

Question 2

what are 3 ways to maximise efficency of food chains from primary consumers to humans

Answer 2

-keep animals indoors warm
-restict movement of animals

• feed animals high energy food

Question 3

what is formula for % efficency and how is it collected

Answer 3

(Primary consumer energy / Consumer energy) x100

Sample of primary consumer + Producer collected and biomass collected

Question 4

Why is an ecosystem dynamic

Answer 4

Organisms vary over time/ during succession

Question 5

Why may decompoisiton not occur

Answer 5

Decomposers are not active
pH too low for ezymes to work

Question 6

What are 2 abiotic factors involved in determining whether species grow in space

Answer 6

Mineral content and ACIDITY

Question 7

How does plant protein go to animal protein

Answer 7

ANimal digests plant and proteins hydrolyse into amino acids and move into blood cells

Question 8

State steps of Nitrogen cycle from Nitrogen to Nitrates

Answer 8

Legume causes Nitrogen fixing bacteria to convert N2 gas into ammonium.
Ammonium goes to nitrites via nitrification via nitrosomes
Nitrites goes to nitrates via nitrobacter and plants use this to make A.A
NITROBACTER AND NITROSOMES ARE NITRIFYING BACTERIA

Question 9

what is difference in trophic and tropical for net primary production

Answer 9

for TROPICAL: High temp causes more sunlight causes faster photosynthesis hence more formation of biomass

Question 10

How can energy content be measured

Answer 10

Calorimeter
Burnt in oxygen
Temp. rise in water measured

Question 11

Why is ther ehigh conversion of biomass at lower trophic level?

Answer 11

More food available

Question 12

What is pioneer community and climax

Answer 12

pioneer arrives before climax and is less stable, less biodiverse, and low biomass BUT MORE SUCCESSION

Question 13

What is decomposition and dentrification

Answer 13

Decomposition of break down of waste and denitrification is break down of nitrates into N2 gas

Question 14

What is conservation and preservation

Answer 14

Conservation maintains biodiversity/ecosystems

Preservation leaves ecosystems undisturbed

Question 15

What is nitrogen fixation and nitrification

Answer 15

N2 fixation is conversion of nitrogen to ammonia

Nitrification is conversion of ammonia to nitrite

Question 16

How can human activity DECREASE biodiversity

Answer 16

Habitat disturbance
Land used for building roads/farming
Pollution increases
New pathogens introduced

Question 17

What is 2 ecological interactions

Answer 17

Predator-prey relationships - shark feed on fish to stabalise fish pop.
INTERspecific competition - Red + Grey squirrels COMPETE for same food

Question 18

What is ecology

Answer 18

Study of interactions between organisms and enviornement

Question 19

what are 3 reasons for conserving biodiversity

Answer 19

Ethical reasons
Ecotourism
Aesthetic Value

Question 20

What are 3 reasons why a pop. may not indefiently grow

Answer 20

Carrying capacity reached
Limtiing factor
Inter/Intra specific competition for named resource

Question 21

Definition of ecosystem

Answer 21

Dynamic set of interactions between populations of organism and abiotic environement

Question 22

State what 2 managment practices may be

Answer 22

Sleective felling and coppicing which preserves biodiversity and manages ecosystems

Question 23

Whys is removal of peat bogs discourages

Answer 23

Loss of biodiversity
Ecosystem takes long time to replace