Economic Activity in Urban places Flashcards
What is Bid-rent Value?
The prices of land to rent normally per meter squared a year
Bid-rent value indicates how land prices change based on proximity to the CBD.
What does CBD stand for?
Central Business District
The CBD is the center of commercial activity in an urban place.
Define commercial activity.
Business activity including shops, restaurants, offices, finance and tourist activity
Commercial activity plays a crucial role in urban economies.
What is deindustrialisation?
The closure of industries in HICs caused by the global shift
Deindustrialisation often leads to economic decline in affected areas.
What is gentrification?
The modernisation of a neighbourhood through in-migration of wealthier individuals and enterprises
Gentrification can lead to displacement of existing residents.
What does the term ‘Global Shift’ refer to?
The movement of manufacturing from HIC cities to NEE and LIC cities
This shift is often driven by the search for lower production costs.
What is industrial activity?
Refers to manufacturing and heavy industries
Industrial activity is a key component of urban economies.
Define nodality.
The degree of connectivity of a place through transport routes
Higher nodality often correlates with greater commercial activity.
What is the Rural Urban Fringe?
The margin of an urban place where it meets the countryside
This area often features mixed land uses, including urban and rural elements.
What is meant by ‘sphere of influence’?
The distance people are willing to travel to visit an urban place or urban function
Larger cities typically have a larger sphere of influence due to more important functions.
What percentage of the US total GDP does New York City produce?
10%
This highlights the significant economic role of major urban centers.
What percentage of the UK’s GDP is produced by London?
22%
London’s financial sector is a major contributor to the UK’s economy.
What was one of the first urban models to show land use patterns?
The Burgess Model
This model is based on Chicago and illustrates the spatial organization of urban areas.
In the Burgess Model, what does the CBD represent?
The economic core of the city
It is where retail, business offices, finance, and entertainment functions are clustered.
What is the dominant land use in the CBD?
Commercial
This is due to high demand for proximity to consumers and labor markets.
True or False: Residential areas are the most dominant land use in the CBD.
False
Residential areas are less dominant in the CBD due to high land costs.
How does bid rent value change with distance from the CBD?
It rises with proximity to the CBD and falls with distance
This affects the types of businesses and residential areas located in different urban zones.
What type of economic activity is prevalent in informal economies?
Manufacturing and services
The informal economy plays a critical role in urban employment in developing countries.
What is a characteristic of the informal economy?
It is not regulated by the government
This means it often contributes to taxation indirectly.
What is the impact of deindustrialisation on local economies?
Job loss and income levels fall
This leads to reduced spending and further decline in local businesses.
What type of land do industries typically prefer?
Large amounts of flat land
Flat land facilitates production and expansion.
Fill in the blank: The _______ refers to the distance people are willing to travel to go to a function.
sphere of influence
What is a key reason industries moved out of the CBD?
Lower bid-rent value and need for more space
Industries require larger areas for operations compared to commercial businesses.
What do business parks and science parks benefit from when located in the rural urban fringe?
Low land costs, space for expansion, and access to transport networks
These factors make the rural urban fringe attractive for modern industries.
What is a consequence of gentrification?
Renovation of deteriorated urban neighborhoods
Gentrification often includes an influx of affluent residents or enterprises.
What role does modern transport infrastructure play in industrial decision-making?
It is crucial for the location of industries today
Industries are more likely to locate near major transport routes.
What is the Hoyt Sector Model?
A model showing how industry develops in sectors along transport routes
This model differs from the concentric zone model by emphasizing transport links.
True or False: All cities exhibit a concentric pattern of industry in the inner city.
False
Some cities follow sector models instead.
