Ecology

Question 1

Abiotic factor

Answer 1

non-living part of the environment

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

characteristic that helps an organism to survive

Question 3

Behavioural adaptation

Answer 3

change of action that helps with survival

Question 4

Biodiversity

Answer 4

range of different organism species in an ecosystem

Question 5

Biogas generator

Answer 5

fermenting device that makes methane

Question 6

Biomass

Answer 6

mass of living material

Question 7

Biotic factor

Answer 7

living influence in environment

Question 8

Carbon cycle

Answer 8

continuous movement of carbon between atmosphere and Earth, through living things

Question 9

Climate change

Answer 9

change in weather across the world

Question 10

Community

Answer 10

populations of species in a habitat

Question 11

Cutting (plants)

Answer 11

small piece of a plant (usually with a new bud on) that can be taken and grown into a new plant

Question 12

Decay

Answer 12

breakdown of dead organisms

Question 13

Deforestation

Answer 13

cutting down of large areas of trees

Question 14

Detritus feeder

Answer 14

animal that feeds on dead material and breaks down animal waste products

Question 15

Distribution (of organisms)

Answer 15

where organisms are found in a particular area

Question 16

Ecological relationship

Answer 16

interaction between organisms in the same environment

Question 17

Ecosystem

Answer 17

living and non-living parts of environment

Question 18

Environment

Answer 18

everything around us in the world

Question 19

Extinction

Answer 19

death of every member of a species

Question 20

Extremophile

Answer 20

organism adapted to live in very extreme conditions

Question 21

Factory farming

Answer 21

animals grown indoors with restricted movement

Question 22

Fishing quota

Answer 22

limit on number of fish that may be caught

Question 23

Food security

Answer 23

enough food to feed population

Question 24

Fossil

Answer 24

remains or imprint of living thing, millions of years old, found in rocks

Question 25

Fossil record

Answer 25

history of life on Earth, stored in rocks

Question 26

Functional adaptation

Answer 26

change in body that helps survival in environment

Question 27

Global warming

Answer 27

increase in average surface temperature across the Earth

Question 28

Greenhouse effect

Answer 28

certain gases in atmosphere absorb infra-red radiation from the Earth and radiate this energy back down to Earth, like insulation

Question 29

Habitat

Answer 29

place where an organism lives

Question 30

Interdependence

Answer 30

where species in a community rely on each other

Question 31

Linnaean system

Answer 31

classification system based on characteristics, named after Carl Linnaeus

Question 32

Living indicator

Answer 32

organism sensitive to changes in its environment, used to study environmental change

Question 33

Methane

Answer 33

simple hydrocarbon gas molecule, greenhouse gas, product of digestion and decomposition

Question 34

Mycoprotein

Answer 34

protein made by fungus, Fusarium

Question 35

Non-living indicator

Answer 35

something that is not alive, can be measured or monitored to give information about environmental change, e.g. temperature

Question 36

Peat bog

Answer 36

waterlogged land area, acidic, plants partially decompose to form peat

Question 37

Phytomining

Answer 37

process by which copper extracted from plants grown in copper-rich soils

Question 38

Potometer

Answer 38

device to measure water uptake by plants

Question 39

Predator

Answer 39

animal that hunts and kills other animals (prey)

Question 40

Prey

Answer 40

animal that is hunted and killed by a predator

Question 41

Primary consumer

Answer 41

organism in a food chain that feeds on the consumer group

Question 42

Producer

Answer 42

organism in a food chain that makes its food using energy from Sun

Question 43

Punnett square

Answer 43

genetic diagram to show inheritance of characteristics

Question 44

Pyramid of biomass

Answer 44

diagram to represent the biomass at each stage of a food chain

Question 45

Quadrat

Answer 45

square frame used to measure diversity of plants in an area

Question 46

Sampling

Answer 46

study of a selection from the population

Question 47

Secondary consumer

Answer 47

organsim in a food chain which eats a primary consumer

Question 48

Stable community

Answer 48

community in which materials taken out of soil and used balanced by those put back in

Question 49

Standard of living

Answer 49

a way to measure wealth plus access to healthcare and education, ability to purchase goods

Question 50

Structural adaptation

Answer 50

successful change to organsim that helps survival

Question 51

Sulfur dioxide

Answer 51

polluting gas from burning of fossil fuels, causes acid rain

Question 52

Sustainable food production

Answer 52

making food without reducing natural resources

Question 53

Tertiary consumer

Answer 53

organism in a food chain, feeds on secondary consumer

Question 54

Transect

Answer 54

method of studying organisms along a line

Question 55

Trophic level

Answer 55

stage in a food chain

Question 56

Water bath

Answer 56

apparatus used to maintain constant temperature of samples

Question 57

Water cycle

Answer 57

continuous movement of water from evaporation to precipitation (rain)