Eating Disorders

Question 1

Name some examples of feeding and eating disorders.

Answer 1

 Anorexia Nervosa
 Bulimia Nervosa
 Binge-Eating Disorder
 Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder
 Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder

Question 2

What is disordered eating?

Answer 2

General term for abnormal or atypical eating behaviours associated with efforts to control weight

Question 3

What population group is at high risk for disordered eating?

Answer 3

Risk is high in university students with stress and pressures

Question 4

What are warning signs for disordered eating?

Answer 4

 Severe self-criticism
 Depressed mood
 Belief that only worthwhile when thin
 Preoccupation with weight, shape and dieting

Question 5

What % of female university students suffer from disordered eating?

Answer 5

 4% of struggle with Anorexia Nervosa plus 4% suffer from Bulimia Nervosa
 61% have some kind of subclinical eating problem, including chronic dieting,
binge/purging and subclinical bulimia

Question 6

What % of male university students suffer from disordered eating?

Answer 6

10-20% suffer from disordered eating plus 2% have clinical Bulimia Nervosa

Question 7

What is the death rate of eating disorders?

Answer 7

The death rate for eating disorders is high: approx 20% (in 30- year follow-up studies)

Question 8

How has the BMIs of Miss America’s changed from 1944 to 1986?

Answer 8

Dramatically decreased

22 to 18.5

Question 9

What is anorexia characterized by?

Answer 9

distorted body image and excessive dieting that leads to severe weight loss with a pathological fear of becoming fat, despite being underweight.
- Intense fear of becoming obese by losing control
over eating
- Dissatisfaction with body shape

Question 10

What kind of personality traits do patients with anorexia nervosa have?

Answer 10

• Sense of powerlessness over own life situations
• High expectations of self and others
• Obsessive-Compulsive personality traits (perfectionism)
• “Black or White” thinking
• Fear of age, sexuality, independence

Question 11

What are some unusual eating behaviours for patients with anorexia nervosa?

Answer 11

measuring, vegetarianism, eat in small dishes, excessive consumption of water or gum, eating very slowly

Question 12

What does anorexia nervosa result in?

Answer 12

Protein-energy malnutrition

Question 13

What criteria was taken off the DSM for anorexia?

Answer 13

Amenorrhea in females (no menses for 3 months)

Question 14

What is the age of onset for anorexia nervosa? How long does it usually last? What % are male?

Answer 14

• Ages 11-20 (young)
• 1 to 10 years
• 10% are male

Question 15

What other disease does anorexia look like? Why?

Answer 15

• Marasmus

- Both result in protein energy malnutrition

Question 16

Name some anorexia warning signs.

Answer 16

 Sudden and drastic weight loss that is not otherwise explainable, (i.e. not due to illness or surgery)
 Irregular or absent periods
 The development of narrow, weird food preferences
 The development of abnormal rituals surrounding food and meal times
 Refusal to eat in front of others
 Cooking eagerly for others while refusing themselves to eat
prepared food
 Overdoing exercise and showing signs of anxiety when a workout is interrupted or missed
 Always feeling cold, even in warm weather
 Wearing baggy clothes to hide body

Question 17

What is bulimia nervosa characterized by?

Answer 17

• Characterized by frequent episodes (at least once per week)of binge eating followed by inappropriate behaviors such as self-induced vomiting to avoid weight gain. Feeling of lack of control over binges
• Self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic use, strict dieting or fasting, vigorous exercise

Question 18

Which eating disorder may the individual be of normal weight?

Answer 18

Bulimia

Question 19

What is the bing eating cycle?

Answer 19

Negative self-perception -> restrictive dieting -> bing eating -> purging

Question 20

Name some BN warning signs.

Answer 20

 Binge eating; It is usually done in secret but evidence may present itself in the form of missing food or empty containers.
 Finding excuses to leave the table after meal
 Signs of vomiting in bathroom
 Evidence of excessive laxative or diuretic use
 Chipmunk-cheeks, repeated vomiting causes glands around the jaw to swell.
 Pattern of weight fluctuations that are usually in the ten to twenty pound range
 Excessive exercise
 Burst blood vessels in eyes

Question 21

What is binge eating disorder characterized by?

Answer 21

recurring episodes of eating significantly more food in a short period of time than most people would eat under similar circumstances,

Question 22

What are typical eating disorders

Answer 22

• Obsession with exercise
• Body composition/weight class
• Purging

Question 23

How often does binge eating disorder happen?

Answer 23

occurs, on average, at least once a week over three months

Question 24

What is the behaviour of wrestlers striving to be a lower weight class to have an advantage over small opponents?

Answer 24

 Restrict food and fluid intake before match
 Practice in rubber suits
 Sit in saunas
 Take laxatives and diuretics
 Replenish fluids, glycogen and lean tissue between weigh in and competition (a few hours)

Question 25

What is the truth behind wrestlers losing water weight?

Answer 25

 Reestablishing fluid and electrolytes can take 1-2 days
 Replenishing glycogen stores can take 2-3 day
 Replacing lean tissue may take even longer

Question 26

What is the female athlete triad?

Answer 26

Eating Disorder
Osteoporosis
Amenorrhea

Question 27

What do eating disorders lead to?

Answer 27

• Restrictive dieting
• Overexercising
• Weight loss
• Lack of body fat

Question 28

What can osteoporosis lead to?

Answer 28

Loss of calcium from bones

Question 29

What does amenorrhea lead to?

Answer 29

Diminished hormones

Question 30

What are therapy options for individuals with eating disorders?

Answer 30

 Multi-disciplinary team
 Cognitive behavioural therapy 
 Group / family therapy
 Inpatient / outpatient
 Nutrition counseling
 Pharmacological intervention