Eating Disorders

Question 0

Type of person most likely to develop an eating disorder

Answer 0

Upper middle class white females

Question 1

Which is more culture-bound: bulimia or anorexia?

Answer 1

Bulimia, essentially does not exist outside western culture and is growing in places where western ideals are on the rise

Question 2

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 2

Recurrent episodes of binge eating, recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors in order to prevent weight gain, self evaluation is unduly influenced by body weight and shape

Question 3

Mild-Extreme bulimia scale

Answer 3

Mild: 1-3 compensations
Moderate: 4-7
Severe: 8-13
Extreme: 14+

Question 4

Key feature of a binge

Answer 4

Feels out of control

Amount consumed is less important

Question 5

Purging methods

Answer 5

Self induced vomiting, laxative, diuretic, enema abuse, excessive exercise

All generally ineffective

Question 6

Medical consequences of bulimia

Answer 6

Enlargement of the salivary glands, facial swelling, erosion of dental enamel, tearing of esophagus, damage to fingers and hands, electrolyte imbalance, damage to colon, severe constipation

Question 7

Bulimia stats

Answer 7

1-1.5% in a given year
90-95% are female
Only 66% reach remission

Question 8

Comorbidities with bulimia

Answer 8

Anxiety disorders, mood disorders (which typically present after), substance abuse

Risk of suicide is elevated

Question 9

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 9

Restriction of energy intake leading to a significantly low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, disturbance in the way ones body shape is experienced, may be restricting or purging subtype

Question 10

Anorexia severity scale

Answer 10

Mild: BMI>17
Moderate: 16-16.99
Severe: 15-15.99
Extreme: <15

Question 11

Anorexia vs. bulimia

Answer 11

Difference between the diagnoses is the body wight criteria

Question 12

Characteristics of anorexia

Answer 12

Relentless pursuit of thinness, weight loss typically achieved via strict caloric intake, obsessions with food, begins in adolescence

Question 13

Medical consequences of anorexia

Answer 13

Amenorrhea, cardiovascular complications, low blood pressure, low heart rate, heart attacks, dry skin, brittle bones, intolerance to cold, lanugo

Question 14

Anorexia stats

Answer 14

0.4% in a given year
33% achieve remission
10:1 female to male

Question 15

Comorbidities with anorexia

Answer 15

Mood disorders (OCD in particular), substance abuse, suicide

Question 16

Number one cause of death in anorexia

Answer 16

Suicide

Question 17

Ancel Keys study

Answer 17

Effects of dietary restriction: develop distress, depression, self harm, lack of sexual interest, withdrawal, cognitive decline, significant preoccupation with food

Question 18

Implications for treatment due to Minnesota Starvation Study

Answer 18

Focus on achieving a normal body weight and restoring health before working on any of the cognitive

Question 19

Binge eating disorder

Answer 19

Recurrent episodes of binge eating associated with eating more rapidly than normal, until feeling uncomfortably full, large amounts when not hungry, alone due to embarrassment, feeling disgusted

Question 20

Binge eating disorder characteristics

Answer 20

Responds better to treatment
Body shape concerns
Many overweight, but happens across all body types

Question 21

Dieting before binging vs. binging before dieting

Answer 21

Binging first is associated with more Comorbidities and a poorer prognosis

Question 22

BED to regulate negative affect

Answer 22

Poorer prognosis for those who binge eat to regulate emotions

This is the case for 30% of patients

Question 23

Binge eating stats

Answer 23

1.6% in females in a given year
0.8% in males
Similar across all ethnicities

Question 24

Social factors for eating disorders

Answer 24

Women are expected to be thin, dieting pulls everywhere, transmission through peer groups

Question 25

Role of the family in eating disorders

Answer 25

Families tend to be very successful, concerned about external appearances, have high expectations, not deal well with negative emotion or conflict

Question 26

Mothers and eating disorders

Answer 26

Tend to be perfectionistic, communicate a desire for their child to be thin and attractive

Question 27

Biological factors in eating disorders

Answer 27

Run in families 4-5x as likely

May be a genetic component

Question 28

Psychological factors for an eating disorder

Answer 28

Lack of sense of control, lack of self confidence, low self esteem, difficulty tolerating negative emotions, highly perfectionistic

Question 29

Treatment for bulimia

Answer 29

CBT is most effective, focus on psychoeducation and then a shift to eating regimens, distortions

Drugs have little to no effect

Question 30

Treatment for anorexia

Answer 30

Immediate goal of medical stability, then CBT but is very difficult to treat

Question 31

Refeeding syndrome

Answer 31

As patients begin to eat the body adapted to malnourishment does not react well to sudden food intake

Can be fatal due to cardiac arrhythmia

Question 32

Treatment for binge eating

Answer 32

CBT and IPT both effective

Medications not so much