Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Question 0

Treatment for Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Answer 0

Psychodynamic, CBT, family therapy, group therapy, play therapy

CBT is best

Question 1

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Answer 1

Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached

4% in kids, 1.6% in teens

Question 2

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 2

Same criteria as for adults, may often experience irritability instead of sadness
8% of teens, particular risk for girls
Different treatment, antidepressants are not safe

Question 3

Bipolar Disorder in Kids

Answer 3

Massive increases in diagnoses in kids, may reflect a diagnostic trend rather than an increase in the disease

Question 4

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Answer 4

Severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally/behaviorally that are grossly out of proportion in intensity to the situation three or more times a week

Question 5

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Answer 5

A persistent patten of in attention and or hyperactivity that interferes with functioning or development present in multiple settings
May be hyperactive, inattentive, or both

Question 6

ADHD stats

Answer 6

5% school age kids worldwide
Boys 2x more likely to be diagnosed
Chronic course throughout lifespan

Question 7

Causes of ADHD

Answer 7

Strong genetic component, neurotransmitters dopamine serotonin and GABA implicated, 3-4% less global brain volume, mothers smoke during pregnancy, low socioeconomic status, family conflict, negative responses

Question 8

Treatments for ADHD

Answer 8

Stimulants like Ritalin and Adderall, SNRIs, CBT, reinforcement programs, parent management and social skills building

Question 9

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Answer 9

Pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior or vindictiveness

1-11%, average estimate of 3.3%

Question 10

Conduct Disorder

Answer 10

Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, aggression toward people/animals, destruction of property, theft, violations

Question 11

Conduct Disorder Stats

Answer 11

2-10%, average of 4%

Higher in males than females

Question 12

Causes of ODD and CD

Answer 12

Genetics, parents are antisocial, excessively angry, or have substance/mood disorders or schizophrenia, associated with drug abuse, poverty, trauma, family conflict, poor parent relationships

Question 13

ODD and CD Treatment

Answer 13

Parent-Child interaction therapy, parent management training, problem solving skills training, anger and coping and coping power programs, stimulants

Question 14

Neurodevelpomental Disorders

Answer 14

Disorders that begin in childhood and will not resolve throughout then lifetime

Question 15

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 15

Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, restrictive repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, extreme rigidity, lack of responsiveness

Question 16

ASD stats

Answer 16

1% in the US
Male to female 4:1
90% remain impaired through adulthood

Question 17

ASD causes

Answer 17

Genetics, prenatal and birth complications (mothers exposure to rubella, anoxia, hypoxia), abnormally structured cerebellum, abnormalities in limbic system and brain stem, failure to develop theory of mind

Question 18

Autism and Vaccines

Answer 18

Vaccines do not cause autism, study was retracted and findings were falsified, rates in those who receive vaccines are the same as those who did not

Question 19

ASD treatment

Answer 19

CBT, applied behavior analysis, communication training, parent training

All are more effective if ASD is diagnosed and intervened in early

Question 20

Intellectual Developmental Disorder

Answer 20

Deficits in intellectual functions, deficits in adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards, onset during the developmental period. May be mild, moderate, severe, or profound

Question 21

Ranges of Intellectual Disability

Answer 21

Borderline: IQ between 71-84
Mild: 55-70, 85% of those with ID
Moderate: 40-54, 10%
Profound: below 25, 1-2%

Question 22

ID Causes

Answer 22

Genetic and chromosomal abnormalities, pregnancy and birth complications, abuse, neglect, social deprivation, illness and infection, toxins

Question 23

ID treatment

Answer 23

No meds, psychosocial that focuses on teaching independence skills, communication training, supported employment, mainstream inclusion efforts