Earth Science Characteristics of the Earth\

Question 1

What are the characteristics of the Earth

Answer 1

1. Liquid Water
2. Heat Source
3. Atmosphere

Question 2

-Earth is the only planet with water that is liquid
-Important for the production of biomass and oxygen
-Photosynthesis – needs water
-We got water for volcanism
-Water vapor is created by volcanoes and produces more water
-Goldilocks zone
-Plate tectonics, location in the solar system

Answer 2

Liquid Water

Question 3

-This is the eruption of molten rock
-When mantle rock melts, water dissolves into the magma
-Magma rises towards the surface and cools
-Pressure is reduced and crystals form
-Water is then released through vapor

Answer 3

Volcanism

Question 4

-The distance Earth orbits the Sun is just right for water to remain a liquid
-Called so because the temperature is just right
-The story with the three bears

Answer 4

Goldilocks Zone (Habitable Zone)

Question 5

-It is how the Earth receives heat
-Plate tectonics, location in the solar system

Answer 5

Heat Source

Question 6

-Radiogenic/radioactive heat through tectonic activities
-Kind of heating

Answer 6

Internal Heating of Earth

Question 7

-Absorbed as solar radiation and re-emitted as infrared radiation
-Kind of heating

Answer 7

External Heating of Earth

Question 8

-Are the longest of all electromagnetic waves
-Ex. Radios, Walkie Talkies, Ultrasound, Broadcasting Radio and Television

Answer 8

Radio Waves

Question 9

-Mainly used for communication
-Ex; Cable, Tumor Removal, Heat Up Food, Phones, Radar

Answer 9

Microwaves

Question 10

-Cannot be seen by the human eye
-What you see with night vision
-Ex. Remote control, Heat, Fires, Radiators

Answer 10

Infrared Waves

Question 11

-Segment of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to human eyes
-Ex. Light

Answer 11

Visible Light Waves

Question 12

-Form of non-ionizing radiation that is emitted by the sun and artificial sources
-Ex. Sun, Tanning Beds, Fluorescent Tubes, Kill Germs

Answer 12

Ultraviolet (UV) Waves

Question 13

-Used to view inside of bodies and objects
-Ex. X-ray

Answer 13

X-ray Waves

Question 14

-Astronomical objects such as the sun, interstellar clouds, and remnants of supernovae are sources of this
-Ex. Treatment and Med to Kill Cancer, MRI

Answer 14

Gamma Rays

Question 15

-Exists due to gravity and volcanism
-Gravity holds it into the earth so that it does not fly away
-Volcanoes played a role in production of oxygen
-Plate tectonics, magnetism

Answer 15

Atmosphere

Question 16

-No exchange of energy or matter

Answer 16

Isolated System

Question 17

-Energy may be exchanged

Answer 17

Closed System

Question 18

-Both energy, matter exchanged

Answer 18

Open System

Question 19

-Warm air rises

Answer 19

Low Pressure Area

Question 20

-Cold air descends

Answer 20

High Pressure Area

Question 21

-Location of living matter on Earth
-Including all plant life and animal life forms

Answer 21

Biosphere

Question 22

-The water on the surface of the Earth
-Oceans, rivers, lakes, rain and mist
-3% Fresh Water
-2/3 Ice form; 1//3 Other water form

Answer 22

Hydrosphere

Question 23

-Components of the Earth system at and below land and ocean surface
-Components that are frozen
-Ex. Snow cover, Glacier, Ice Sheets, Icebergs

Answer 23

Cryosphere

Question 24

-The Earth’s crust
-Including landforms, rocks and soils

Answer 24

Lithosphere (Geosphere)

Question 25

-The thin, fragile layer of gases that surrounds the Earth

-78% Nitrogen
-21% Oxygen
-0.9% Argon
-0.03% Others

Answer 25

Atmosphere

Question 26

-Hot
-Aurora Borealis and Australis
-Location of satellites
-Part of the Atmosphere

Answer 26

Thermosphere

Question 27

-The coldest layer
-The thickest layer
-Meteors burn to due friction
-Part of the Atmosphere

Answer 27

Mesosphere

Question 28

-Hot layer
-Ozone Layer
-Absorbs radiation
-Where planes are stable and smooth

Answer 28

Stratosphere

Question 29

-Cold temperature
-Weather balloons can be found
-Where weather occurs
-Part of the Atmosphere

Answer 29

Troposphere

Question 30

-Outermost layer of the atmosphere
-Where outer and other satellites can be found
-Part of the Atmosphere

Answer 30

Exosphere