Earth Science Characteristics of the Earth\ Flashcards
What are the characteristics of the Earth
- Liquid Water
- Heat Source
- Atmosphere
-Earth is the only planet with water that is liquid
-Important for the production of biomass and oxygen
-Photosynthesis – needs water
-We got water for volcanism
-Water vapor is created by volcanoes and produces more water
-Goldilocks zone
-Plate tectonics, location in the solar system
Liquid Water
-This is the eruption of molten rock
-When mantle rock melts, water dissolves into the magma
-Magma rises towards the surface and cools
-Pressure is reduced and crystals form
-Water is then released through vapor
Volcanism
-The distance Earth orbits the Sun is just right for water to remain a liquid
-Called so because the temperature is just right
-The story with the three bears
Goldilocks Zone (Habitable Zone)
-It is how the Earth receives heat
-Plate tectonics, location in the solar system
Heat Source
-Radiogenic/radioactive heat through tectonic activities
-Kind of heating
Internal Heating of Earth
-Absorbed as solar radiation and re-emitted as infrared radiation
-Kind of heating
External Heating of Earth
-Are the longest of all electromagnetic waves
-Ex. Radios, Walkie Talkies, Ultrasound, Broadcasting Radio and Television
Radio Waves
-Mainly used for communication
-Ex; Cable, Tumor Removal, Heat Up Food, Phones, Radar
Microwaves
-Cannot be seen by the human eye
-What you see with night vision
-Ex. Remote control, Heat, Fires, Radiators
Infrared Waves
-Segment of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to human eyes
-Ex. Light
Visible Light Waves
-Form of non-ionizing radiation that is emitted by the sun and artificial sources
-Ex. Sun, Tanning Beds, Fluorescent Tubes, Kill Germs
Ultraviolet (UV) Waves
-Used to view inside of bodies and objects
-Ex. X-ray
X-ray Waves
-Astronomical objects such as the sun, interstellar clouds, and remnants of supernovae are sources of this
-Ex. Treatment and Med to Kill Cancer, MRI
Gamma Rays
-Exists due to gravity and volcanism
-Gravity holds it into the earth so that it does not fly away
-Volcanoes played a role in production of oxygen
-Plate tectonics, magnetism
Atmosphere
-No exchange of energy or matter
Isolated System
-Energy may be exchanged
Closed System
-Both energy, matter exchanged
Open System
-Warm air rises
Low Pressure Area
-Cold air descends
High Pressure Area
-Location of living matter on Earth
-Including all plant life and animal life forms
Biosphere
-The water on the surface of the Earth
-Oceans, rivers, lakes, rain and mist
-3% Fresh Water
-2/3 Ice form; 1//3 Other water form
Hydrosphere
-Components of the Earth system at and below land and ocean surface
-Components that are frozen
-Ex. Snow cover, Glacier, Ice Sheets, Icebergs
Cryosphere
-The Earth’s crust
-Including landforms, rocks and soils
Lithosphere (Geosphere)
-The thin, fragile layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
-78% Nitrogen
-21% Oxygen
-0.9% Argon
-0.03% Others
Atmosphere
-Hot
-Aurora Borealis and Australis
-Location of satellites
-Part of the Atmosphere
Thermosphere
-The coldest layer
-The thickest layer
-Meteors burn to due friction
-Part of the Atmosphere
Mesosphere
-Hot layer
-Ozone Layer
-Absorbs radiation
-Where planes are stable and smooth
Stratosphere
-Cold temperature
-Weather balloons can be found
-Where weather occurs
-Part of the Atmosphere
Troposphere
-Outermost layer of the atmosphere
-Where outer and other satellites can be found
-Part of the Atmosphere
Exosphere
