COMM 01 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Communication is ….
*

A

-Systemic
-Irreversible
-Proactive
-Symbolic Interaction

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2
Q

-Comes from the Latin word “communicare”
-Which means common
-Both sender and receiver should arrive at a common understanding of something
-Process of encoding and transmitting messages from sender to receiver
-To achieve goal

A

Communication

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3
Q

-Decodes a message, encodes feedback, and transmits it back to the sender

A

Receiver

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4
Q

-Communication between people is active
-Communicate following their creative and convenient ways
-In order to achieve a certain goal or objective
-Kind of understanding

A

COMMUNICATION As a Process

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5
Q

-Communication binds people together
-Their interaction with one another connects understanding
-Kind of understanding

A

COMMUNICATION As Interaction

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6
Q

-Communication through meaningful symbolic messages in a certain environment
-In a certain environment

A

COMMUNICATION As Social Context

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7
Q

-Initial source of information
-Intends to transmit to the receiver using different symbols
-Decide the purpose of the communication process
-During the process, the sender switches from encoder to decode

A

Sender/Encoder

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8
Q

-The target of the communication
-Important the message gets to this person
-Initially decodes but could later on encode

A

Receiver

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9
Q

-The sender’s translated information in the form of signals or symbols
-Can be verbal or non-verbal

A

Messages

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10
Q

-By which the message is sent through from sender to receiver
-Can be the space between interlocutors or devices

A

Channel

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11
Q

-Is a response the receiver gives to the sender to inform if the message sent has gotten across effectively
-Is important and should be considered carefully promptly before it is returned to sender

A

Feedback

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12
Q

-Known as noise
-Anything that interferes with the transmission of the messages
-Resulting in messages not being properly received or understood

A

Barrier

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13
Q

-Is a graphic representation designed to explain the way a variable works
-Designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept

A

Model

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14
Q

-Communication is a one-way process
-Consists of five elements:
-Source
-Transmitter
-Channel
-Receiver
-Destination
-Model was criticized for excluding feedback as an important part of communication
-Model is more applicable to one-way communication like newsletters
-Ex. Newspapers, Print Material, Radio Content, Television

A

The Linear Model
Shannon and Weaver (1949)

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15
Q

-Communication is a two-way process
-Accumulated experience of two individuals engaged in communication is emphasized
-Sender encodes and sends message
-Receiver decodes and transmits feedback to the sender
-Schramm took into account wider social situations and relationships
-Made to go against the Linear Model

A

The Interactive Model
Schramm (1954)

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16
Q

-Two-way process with the inclusion of feedback as one element
-More interactive and addresses the weaknesses of other models
-Communication is spontaneous, simultaneous process of idea transfer
-Requiring a back-and-forth relationship among elements
-Sender and receiver and referred as communicators
-Both can send and receive messages at the same time
-Feedback is provided even before the message is sent
-Ex. Conversation between friends

A

The Transactional Model
Barnlund (2008)

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17
Q

-Explicit use of language
-Ex.
-Written
-Spoken

A

Verbal Communication

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18
Q

-Augment the way we communicate
-Sends messages that are trickier to verbalize
-Ex.
-Body language
-Gestures
-Facial expressions
-Even the way we dress

A

Non-Verbal Communication

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19
Q

Dimensions: Verbal Communication
-Two Kinds:

A

-Written
-Spoken
-Only 35% of all communication is verbal

20
Q

-Level of formality
-Estimate the required level of formality
-Helps us fit in and show respect to the people around us
-Depends on culture
-Two Kinds of Register:
-Formal
-Informal

A

Register

21
Q

-Speaker might not be aware of unintended meaning of message sent out
–Be mindful with your words before hitting send

A

Intention

22
Q

-Has nothing to do with the way we use our words
-But how we act and present ourselves in situations
-We need to exercises care and caution with how we act
-As it may be more brutal than our words could be

A

Dimensions: Non-Verbal Communication

23
Q

-Not what was said, but how
-Manner of speech, tone, intonation, voice, volume, and hesitation
-Items can also be considered artifacts

A

Paralanguage

24
Q

-How we communicate through the usage of time
-Display of authority and power, or dissent
-Good timing
-Pausing
-Cultural in nature

A

Chronemics

25
Q

-The concept of personal space
-How close one is to the person is an indication of how close they perceive they are

A

Proxemics

26
Q

-Use of touch to express what cannot be said
-Also communicates the perceived level of closeness of one person with another

A

Haptics

27
Q

-The way we move our hands and heads
-Has many meaning
-Four Types:
-Emphasizing
-Regulating
-Illustrating
-Emblems

A

Gestures

28
Q

-The way our face moves may convey emotional states without having to verbally express them

A

Facial Expressions

29
Q

-An individual decorates or modifies their physical body to communicate to others
-Ex. Outfits, tattoos, hairstyles, jewelry
-Helps express our personality and viewpoints on society
-Cultural in nature

A

Personal Appearance

30
Q

-The withdrawal of communication is also a form of communication\
-Also cultural in nature

A

Silence

31
Q

-Created by linguist Braj Kachru
-Differences in English that emerge as used in various ethnic communities around the world
-Reflects sociolinguistic contexts:
-History
-Background
-Function
-Influence
-Result of adapting the language to suit people’s social needs and cultural identity

A

The World Englishes (Braj Kachru)

32
Q

-Developed in the 19th century
-Assists in accurate pronunciation of all languages, not just English
-Providing unique symbols for each distinct sound in every language
-Emerged because the need to standardize pronunciation

A

The International Phonetic Alphabet

33
Q

Types of Speech
according to

Purpose

A

informative
entertainment
persuasive

34
Q

Provides the audience a clear understanding of the concept or idea

A

Informative Speech

35
Q

Aim to share good will, joy and pleasure to the audience

A

Entertainment Speechh

36
Q

The primary goal is to influence your listens and change their perception

A

Persuasive Speech

37
Q

Types of Speech

according to

Delivery

A

impromptu
extemporaneous
manuscript reading
memorized speech

38
Q

Speaking without advanced preparation

A

Impromptu Speech

39
Q

Speaking with limited preparation

A

Extemporaneous Speech

40
Q

Speaking with advanced preparation

A

Manuscript Speech

41
Q

Planned and rehearesed speech

A

Memorized Speecj

42
Q

Introductory Paragraph

A

Identity
Claim
3 Directions

43
Q

Body Paragraph

A

Point
Example
Elaboration
Link

44
Q

Conclduing Paragraphj

A

Clinch
Learning Point
CLosing statement that rouses listerns to action

45
Q

Principles of Speech Delivery

A

-Voice,
-eye contact,
-articulation,
-attire,
-visual aid
-relating with the audiences
-movement
-posture
-facial expressions
-time
-diction
-hooks