Earth & Life Lesson 2 Flashcards
Seven Characteristics of Life
Nutrition
Reproduction
Excretion
Growth
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
move from one place to another (locomotion or motility)
Movement
External factors or stimuli affect living things
Irritability / Sensitivity
reaction of an organism to respond appropriately against a stimuli
tropism or response
ability of an organism to respond appropriately against a stimulus
sensitivity or irritability
it is an increase in size and volume by converting food to become a part of body cells
Growth
growth within the cells
Intussusception
growth by external addition of substances
Accretion
starts with birth and ends in death and all living things have ways of making sure that their species survive
Development
process which genetic information is passed on from one generation to another
reproduction
two individuals contributing their sex cells to produce a unique individual of their kind
Sexual Reproduction
occurs when an organism makes copies of itself usually in lower life form.
Asexual Reproduction
used as a physical carrier of the transferred genetic information that is passed from parent to offspring by a process called sexual reproduction.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
animals, plants, and microorganisms carry the common genetic material DNA, which is the molecule of life that carries the instructions for assembling the proteins responsible for forming a variety of structures
Heredity
it is the ability to adjust to changes in the environment.
Adaptation
refers to the changes in characteristics of a group of organisms (population) over time.
Evolution
gradual or rapid change in body structure or behavior to be better suited and to survive a new environment.
Evolutionary adaptation
“On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection” in 1859. Fossils and other evidence document the evolution of life on Earth over billions of years.
Charles Darwin
Organization of Life
- Chemical Level
- Cellular Level
- Tissue Level
- Organ Level
- Organ System Level
- Organism Level
a unit of matter that comprises a chemical element. A smallest particle of an element.
Chemical Level
is the basic organizational unit of life it is simplest organization of matter that exhibits the properties of life
Cellular Level
level in which different cell types are joined together to form a structure called ______?
Tissue Level
different kinds of tissues are joined to form a structure of a body called _______?
Organ Level
different organs comprise an organ system with a specialized function
Organ System Level
an organism is made up of different organ systems with individualized but coordinated functions
Organism Level
the organism interacts with other organisms of the same kind known as _________?
population
is an array of populations sharing their habitat?
Community
These communities exist in an environment affected by both living and nonliving components known as__________?
ecosystem
make up all ecosystems on Earth whether they support life on land, water, or lower atmosphere
Biosphere
The Three Domains of Life
Bacteria (prokaryotes)
Archaea (prokaryotes)
Eukarya (eukaryotes)
Also known as eubacteria, or simply bacteria has very sturdy cell walls and simpler genome structure. It is the most present day bacteria
Domain Bacteria (The True Bacteria)
is one type of photosynthetic eubacteria that has been vital in the history of life of earth.
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Also known as archaebacteria, derived from the Greek word for “ancient ones”. It Comprise the first stages of life on earth.
Domain Archaea (Ancient Bacteria)
grow only in an oxygen-free environment because oxygen poisons them.
It lacks of peptidoglycan (a protein cross-linked carbohydrate material).
Methanogens (methane-producing bacteria)
It came from the Greek words for “true” and “nucleus”, because they possess an internal structure called a nucleus that encloses most of their genetic material.
Domain Eukarya (Eukaryota)
