Early Pharmaceutical Industry Flashcards
Who patented Asprin?
Bayer.
What kind of dosage form did Asprin popularize?
Tablets.
What was the Trading with the Enemy Act that came from WW1?
Seized all patents in Germans and gave them to bidders.
Around what year did states begin requiring Pharmacy school rather than apprenticeships?
1920s.
What did the 1905 New York Pharmacy Act require?
A diploma from an accredited school to take the board test to get licensed.
What was the 1906 Food and Drugs Act? (3)
- Mainly concerned with food. 2. Labeling law: Made USP or NF standards required for labels that said the drugs were standard. Required sellers to put whats in the drug on the label. 3. Did not stop therapeutic claims.
What did Samuel Hopkins Adams do? (2)
- Wrote “Great American Fraud” exposing Patent medicines as inert or toxic. 2. Exposed “red clauses.”
What did the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Tax Act essentially do?
Made being an addict a crime. Start of the drug war. Stopped medical treatments of addicts.
When did Prohibition begin?
1919.
When was a 4 year BS required to practice pharmacy?
1932
What did Prohibition do to Pharmacy?
Made alcohol only available via prescription.
Does compounding continue to decline during WWI?
Yes.
What did the Great Depression do to Pharmacy? (2)
- Put reforms on hold. 2. Fierce competition.
When was prohibition repealed?
1933.
What was the result of prohibition on pharmacy?
Little competition at start for selling alcohol as a result of already having a stock, having licenses, and being responsible.
What resulted in the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938? What did it do? (2)
- The Elixir of Sulfanilamide Disaster (1937). 2. Required safety testing on animals or be generally recognized as safe. 3. Clearly defined what a drug was.
What were fair trade laws?
Laws meant to maintain price of drugs and cosmetics.
What was the Elixir of Sulfanilamide Disaster (1937)? (3)
- Wasn’t able to be patented, so a company began to sell it with a sweet taste. 2. Was poisonous and killed 100 people, mostly children. 3. Removed because it was incorrectly labeled an elixir.
What is an Elixir of Sulfanilamide for?
To fight bacteria. Really a anti-microbial.
What products were developed before WWII? (3)
- Penicillin. 2. Syrettes. 3. Blood products.
Did pharmacists salute nurses during WWII? Why?
Yes. Because nurses had to be attracted since they could not be drafted. They were given instant safety from being touched by any enlisted person by being given an officer’s position.
How did industrialization expand during WWII? (2)
- Basically ended compounding via making only end-dosage forms. 2. Penicillin development.
