Early Cold War Flashcards
Why do some people think the US was to blame for the Cold War?
They blamed the Soviets for implanting communism and saw their actions as expansionist.
Use of loans in wall ravaged countries to spread capitalism.
Developed nuclear weapons.
Wanted free elections for all.
Why do some people think the USSR was responsible for the Cold War?
They had the World Revolution Doctrine and occupied Eastern European countries.
Communist governments were set up in liberated countries.
What was the cominform?
Communist Information Bureau - 1947 - a response to the Truman Doctrine.
Countries to follow policies such as collectivisation of agriculture and the state control of industry.
Describe Comecon.
The ‘Council for Mutual Assistance,’ - 1949.
They offered financial aid in response to the Marshall Plan.
The Soviets could control the economies and have specialised blocs such as East Germany and Czechoslovakia who focused on heavy industry.
Describe what led to the Truman Doctrine.
In 1944 the communists began attempts to take over Greece.
In 1946 the royalists defeated the communists and the U.K. sent financial
Aid.
In 1947 the US continued financial aid and Truman set up the Doctrine in March 1947.
What were the causes of the 1947 Truman Doctrine?
Containment - the USSR would spread communism.
The US developed the atom bomb to frighten USSR.
Greece events.
What were the results of the Truman Doctrine?
More division.
Marshall Plan.
Greek government won.
US committed to containment.
Why was the Marshall Plan (European Economic Recovery) set up?
To vamp up economies in West Europe and protect countries from communism as they had suffered from
The war.
What did the Marshall Aid involve ?
The US supplied equipment, goods, food, and money so the countries could spend the money on US supplies for trade.
Who was involved ?
UK France Greece Holland Belgium Denmark West Germany Italy Turkey Austria
What were the results of Marshall Aid?
The US had been given 17 billion by 1953.
The countries were able to rebuild economies and factories as well as transport.
The USSR were initially involved by dropped out for fear of being noticed of looking weaker economically.
More division led to the Berlin crisis.
