Ear infections

Question 1

gram-negative, pleomorphic coccobacillus

a) Nonmotile, biofilms, facultative anaerobe
b) Humans are only known host, respiratory droplets
c) Fastidious require additional blood factors for growth NAD (V) and hematin (X) in chocolate agar. Para- strains only require factor V not not X

Answer 1

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 2

a) Gram-negative, aerobic, diplococcus, oxidase-positive, nonmotile, fastidious-chocolate agar, pili
b) Colonization of upper respiratory track in infants
c) 95% of M. catarrhalis produce β-lactamases
d) Hockey puck test- easily slide across agar

Answer 2

Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 3

12) Recommended treatment for Acute Otitis Media provides coverage against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae with limited side effects

Answer 3

amoxicillin

Question 4

b) If no improvement within 48 hours switch to

Answer 4

Amoxicillin- Clavulanate

Question 5

Otitis externa management

Answer 5

i) Ciprofloxacin + steroid

ii) Neomycin + polymyxin + hydrocortisone