Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Neuro > E3 Cortex > Flashcards

E3 Cortex Flashcards

1
Q

prefrontal cortex

A 
BA 9,10,11,12,46,47
executive funciton
working memory
dorsolateral pfc
ventromedial pfc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dorsolateral pfc

A

planning and working memory

lesion - apathetic, lifeliss, abulic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ventromedial pfc

A

decision making associated with reward and punishment suppressiong of innappriate responses and emotional reactions
lesion - impulsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

phineas gage

A

spike
pfc
ass hole now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lobotomy

A

scramble pfc

kills drive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

schizophrenia dopamine hypothesis

A 
positive sympotms like ahhucinations
negative like lack of emocion
similar to to pfc damage
blocking dopmaine can help
overactive mesolimbic gives positive
hypoactive mesocortical gives negative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

schizophrenia glutamate hypothesis

A

blocking NMDA glutamate receptors can cauz schizo symptoms

suggests gluatame and dopamine have a role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Broca area

A

44,45
dominant side for written and spoken language
lesion for brocas aphasia affects verbal and written
non dom for prosody (emotion) of language
lesion for motor aprosodia (emotionless speach)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

frontal eye field

A

area 8
control of vouluntary saccades to contrallateral side
goes either directly to PPRF or superior colliculus first then to that abducens to occulomotor circuit to turn contra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

premotor cortex

A

preparation and initiation of volunatry movement
rostral to pre central sulcus
activated during planning
has mirror neurons
lesion for reflex imbalance, contra spasticity and slowed complex limb movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

supplementary motor cortex

A

planning of complex sequences of voluntary movement and bilateral coordination
active in complex movements real or imagined
internally guided like from memory not visual cues
lesion for motor apraxia and deficits in bimanual coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

primary motor cortex

A 
area 4
pyramidal neurons
corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts
jacksonian seizures 
encoding for force, velocity, and direction
brain machin interfaces 
lesion for contralateral weakness and spastcity UMN signs
face stuff more laterally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

propriception, pain,temp, fine touch
granular
dorsal column and anterolateral system
homunculus with lateral face
regional signaling and functional columns
lesion for hemianestesia, astereognosia and agraphesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3a

A

propriceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3b

A

cutaneous mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1

A

cutaneous mechanoreceptors with larger fields

17
Q

2

A

cutaneous mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors

18
Q

superior parietal lobule

A

integrates somatosensation with vision to locate objects in space and make a map
helps with targetted movements
lesion for deficeit in spatial processing

19
Q

inferior parietal lobule

A

39,40
language, math, space, body image
lesion for ideomotor, ideational, and constructional apraxia
also gertsmann and balint syndroms

20
Q

gertsmann syndrome

A 
LR confusion
finger agnosia
agraphia
acalculia
lesion on dominant side of 39,40
21
Q

Balints syndrome

A

bilateral 39,40

optic ataxia

22
Q

posterior parietal association cortex

A

5,7,39,40
non dom is more important for attentiaonal processing for both ispi and contra side
dominant attends only contra side
so a lesion on dominant side has mild spatial deficits but could have gertsmann
non dom gets contralateral or hemineglect

23
Q

Wernickes area

A 
22,39,40
dominant for comprehension of language
non dom for prosody of language
lesion dom for wernickes aphasia (ppor comprehension)
non dom for sensory aprosodia
24
Q

global aphasia

A

lesion in both W and B areas

impaired fluency, comprehension and repetitsion

25
Q

transcortical motor aphasia

A

W and B intact but area around B is lesioned
imparied fluency
normal comp and repetition

26
Q

transcortical sensory aphasia

A 
W and B intact
areas areound W lesioned
fluent but paraphasia (meaningless sentences)
impared com
spared repe
27
Q

mixed transcortical aphasia

A

W and B intact but regions areound both lesioned
impared fluency and comprehension
spared repetition

28
Q

conduction aphasia

A

lesion of arcuate fasciculus and supramarginal gyrus between W and B
normal fluency and comp
impaired repetion

29
Q

kluver bucy syndrome

A

hippocampus and temporoal association - memory disorders,
amygdala- placidity,
hypothalamus - hypersexuality, hyperorality, bulimia, distractibility
what pathway in inferior temporal cortex - visual agnosia

30
Q

primary auditory cortex

A

41,42
granular
superior temporal gyrus
transvers gyrus of heschl
input from medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus
tonotopic map with figh frequencies caudal
similar frequencies in vertical columns
secondary auditory cortex for complex soudns
lesion bilaterally for cortical deafness or auditory agnosia

31
Q

inferior temporal cortex

A

20,37
ventral stream for faces objects and color recognitons
what pathway for visual stimuli with population coding like grandma cells
lesion for visual agnosia, prosopagnosia, and achromatopsia

32
Q

hippocampus

A

consolidates declarative and spatial memory
lesion for anterograde amnesia and deficits in spatial memory
korsakoff with thiamine deficiency

33
Q

korsakoff syndrom

A

anterograde amnesia and confabulation

34
Q

amygdala

A

attatches emotiaonal significance
forms and stores implicit memory
freeze, fight or flight
lesion for emotional deficits

35
Q

primiary visual cortex

A 
17
granular (striate cortex)
in calcarine sulcus
inputs form lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
ocular dominant and direction selective vertical columns
simple complex and hypercomplex cells
binocular disparity
blob processiong color info
lesions
unilateral for contra homonymous hemianopiea
uni inferior for contra homo sup quad
uni superior for contra homo inf quad
likely have macula sparing after lesion
36
Q

secondary vsiual association areas

A

parastriate 18
peristriate 19
reciprocal connections with 17
direction selectivity, binocular disparit and color sensitivity, motion and object recognition
19 starts dorsally the where and ventrally the what
lesion for visual agnosia

37
Q

occipitoparietal

A

where
motion and postion
lesion for motion blindness or cerebral akinetopsia

38
Q

occipitotemporal

A

what
shapes colors faces
lesion for achromatopsia
prosopagnosia

39
Q

alexia without agraphia

A

so left visual cortex gone so cant see right field

splenium of corpus collosum gone so cant get info from left field to Wernickes area so can write but cannnot read

Med Neuro (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions