E&T: Heart Flashcards
In general, what does the heart consist of?
Two muscular pumps.
What does the right side of the heart do?
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
What does the left side of the heart do?
Pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body.
What are the two chambers of each pump of the heart?
The atrium and the ventricle.
Atrium.
A chamber of the heart that is thin-walled and elastic and stretches as it collects blood.
Ventricle.
A chamber of the heart that has a much thicker muscular wall as it has to contract strongly to pump blood some distance, either to the lungs or to the rest of the body.
Label this interior diagram of the heart:
Label this exterior diagram of the heart:
Why does the left ventricle of the heart have thicker, more muscular walls than the right?
Because it needs to be able to contract to create enough pressure to pump blood to the rest of the body.
Right side only needs to get blood to the lungs, which are nearby.
Why do the ventricles have thicker walls than the artria?
Because they have to push blood out of the heart whereas the atria just need to push blood a shot distance into the ventricles.
Atrioventricular valves.
Valves that link the atria to the ventricles and stop blood flowing back into the atria when then ventricles contract.
Semi-lunar valves.
Link the ventricles to the pulmonary artery and aorta, and stop blood flowing back into the heart after the ventricles contract.
What is the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
The left atrioventricular (bicuspid) valve.
What is the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve.
What attach the atrioventricular valves to the ventricles?
What is the purpose of this?
Cords attach the AV valves to the ventricles to stop them being forced up into the atria when the ventricles contract.