CELLS: Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards
Label this bacterial cell:
Describe the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, in terms of:
- Nucleus
- DNA
- Organelles
- Chloroplasts
- Ribosomes
- Cell walls
- Outer layers
Murein.
Glycoprotein that makes up the cells wall of a bacterial cell.
Describe the DNA of prokaryotic cells:
DNA floats free in the cytoplasm.
It is circular DNA present as a long coild-up strand and is not attached to any histone proteins.
What is the cell wall of a bacterial cell made of?
Murein.
Flagellum.
Long, hair-like structure that rotates to make the prokaryotic cell move.
Not all flagella have these, some have more than one.
Capsule.
Mucilaginous layer of slime on outside of some prokaryotes.
What is the role of the capsule?
It helps to protect bacteria from attack by cells of the immune system.
It also helps groups of bacteria to stick together for further protection.
Plasmids.
Small loops of DNA that aren’t part of the main circular DNA molecule.
What do plasmids contain?
Genes that may aid the survival of bacteria in adverse conditions, for example antibiotic resistance.
Plasmids can be passed between prokaryotes.
What does the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells contain?
No membrane-bound organelles, but it does have ribosomes.
Glycoprotein that makes up the cells wall of a bacterial cell.
Murein.
Long, hair-like structure that rotates to make the prokaryotic cell move.
Not all flagella have these, some have more than one.
Flagellum.
Mucilaginous layer of slime on outside of some prokaryotes.
Capsule.
Small loops of DNA that aren’t part of the main circular DNA molecule.
Plasmids.
