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PSC2018 > E-learning 1 > Flashcards

E-learning 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomical position

A

facing forward
arms down at the side
palms facing forward, thumbs pointing out
right and left are from the view point of the patient

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2
Q

anterior means

A

the front of the body

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3
Q

posterior means

A

the back of the body

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4
Q

talocrural region is the

A

ankle

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5
Q

transverse plane

A

splits the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections. also know as horizontal or axial plane

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6
Q

coronal plane

A

splits the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections. also known as the frontal plane

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7
Q

sagittal plane

A

splits the body into left and right sections

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8
Q

oblique plane

A

splits the body at an angle

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9
Q

viscera

A

internal organs in the main cavities of the body

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10
Q

process

A

a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body

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11
Q

articulate

A

to form a joint, the action or manner of jointing between bonds and/or cartilages

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12
Q

rectus

A

coming from the word straight

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13
Q

glosso

A

relating to the tongue

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14
Q

intra

A

inside/within

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15
Q

para

A

beside/alongside of

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16
Q

sigmoid

A

crescent shaped, S shaped

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17
Q

dura

A

coming from the word meaning tough or hard

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18
Q

genio

A

relation to the chin

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19
Q

papilla

A

meaning nipple or small protuberance

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20
Q

hypo

A

under or below

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21
Q

teres

A

coming from the work meaning rounded

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22
Q

tubercle

A

any round nodule, small eminence or wart outgrowth found of an anatomical structure

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23
Q

superior (cranial)

A

towards the top/ nearer the head

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24
Q

inferior (caudal)

A

towards the bottom/ nearer the feet

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25
Q

anterior (ventral)

A

towards/ nearer to the front

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26
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A

towards/ nearer to the back

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27
Q

medial

A

towards/ nearer the median plane

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28
Q

lateral

A

farther from the median plane

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29
Q

proximal

A

towards/ nearer the trunk or point of origin

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30
Q

distal

A

farther from the trunk of the point of origin

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31
Q

superficial

A

nearer to or on the surface

32
Q

deep

A

farther from the surface

33
Q

dorsum

A

dorsal surface part of hand or foot

34
Q

palm

A

palmar surface of the hand

35
Q

sole

A

plantar surface of the foot

36
Q

bilateral

A

relating to 2 sides (arms are bilateral)

37
Q

unilateral

A

relating to one side (the spleen in unilateral)

38
Q

Ipsilateral

A

belonging to or occurring on the same side of the body (the stomach s ipsilateral to the spleen)

39
Q

contralateral

A

relating to the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs (the liver is contralateral to the spleen)

40
Q

there are seven cervical vertebrae termed

A

C1-C7

41
Q

12 thoracic vertebrae termed

A

T1-T12

42
Q

there are 5 lumbar vertebrae termed

A

L1-L5

43
Q

5 sacral vertebrae termed

A

S1-S5

44
Q

the trunk of the body can be split in to three regions

A

thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities

45
Q

thorax

A

chest which contains the heart lings and great vessels

46
Q

boundaries of the thorax are made up of the thoracic cage and wall muscles. the thoracic cage is also known as the

A

rib cage

47
Q

the superior boundary of the thorax is the

A

superior thoracic inlet

48
Q

the inferior boundary is the

A

diaphragm

49
Q

the posterior boundary in the

A

ribs and thoracic vertebrae

50
Q

the anterior boundary is the

A

ribs, costal cartilage and the sternum

51
Q

abdomen contains the

A

liver
gallbladder
oesophagus
spleen
stomach
small intestine
kidneys
adrenal glands

52
Q

pelvis is protected by

A

hip bone

53
Q

pelvis is made up off

A

ilium, ischium and pubis

54
Q

the two subdivisions of the pelvis are known as the

A

greater ‘false’ pelvis and the lesser ‘true’ pelvis

55
Q

upper limb consists of

A

shoulder, arm, forearm and hand

56
Q

upper limb attaches through the

A

scapula

57
Q

lower limb consists of the

A

thigh, lower leg and foot

58
Q

the lower limb attaches through the

A

body pelvis (hip joint)

59
Q

humans have the following body systems

A

integumentary
skeletal
muscular
cardiovascular
respiratory
endocrine
immune
gastrointestinal / digestive
genitourinary / urogenital
nervous

60
Q

cardiovascular system

A

primary function is to transport nutrients and oxygen rich blood to all parts of the body and carry deoxygenated blood back to the lungs

61
Q

respiratory system

A

consists of the nasal cavity, larynx, tracheobronchial tree and lungs. primary function is breathing and gas exchange

62
Q

skeletal system

A

consists of all the bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments in the body. structure and locomotive function

63
Q

integumentary system

A

includes epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, associated glands, hair and nails. it is the largest organ of the body that forms a physical barrier between the external and internal environment

64
Q

muscular system

A

consists of specialised cells called muscle fibres. muscle fibres are attached to bones or other structures and they are responsible for movement

65
Q

genitourinary / urogenital system

A

consists of kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra and sexual organs

66
Q

gastrointestinal / digestive system

A

consists of the mouth, pharynx (mouth), oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus. it also includes the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas, which make digestive juices and enzymes that help the body digest food and liquids

67
Q

immune system

A

consists of a network of biological processes that protects an organism from diseases. it detects and responds to a wide variety of pathogens

68
Q

nervous system

A

consists of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sensory organs and other nervous tissue. coordinates actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of the body

69
Q

endocrine system

A

messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands into the circulatory system regulating target organs

70
Q

bonds provide

A

protection of major organs
forming the mechanical basis for movement
haemopoesis: enthrocytes and b lymphocytes are made in the bone marrow
storage of salts in bone

71
Q

there are two types of mature bone

A

compact and spongy

72
Q

parts of the skeleton that are not formed by bone consist of

A

cartilage

73
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage
fibrocartilage
elastic cartilage

74
Q

axial bs appendicular skeleton

A

axial skeleton includes all the bones along the bodys long axis
the axial skeleton includes the bones that form the skull, vertebral column and thoracic cage
the bones of the appendicular skeleton append to the axical skeleton

75
Q

the bones we should know well

A

skull
mandible
sternum
clavicle
scapula
humerus
radius
ulna
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges (fingers)
costal cartilages
cervical vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx
hip bone
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges (toes)

PSC2018 (8 decks)

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