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INSY440 > E-commerce Infrastructure: The Internet, Web, and Mobile Platform (I) > Flashcards

E-commerce Infrastructure: The Internet, Web, and Mobile Platform (I) Flashcards

1
Q

Digital divide

A

The contrast between societies with internet access and those without

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2
Q

Internet

A

Interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers, linking groups and individuals

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3
Q

World Wide Web (Web)

A

Provides access to trillions of web pages on the internet

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4
Q

Evolution of the internet: Innovation Phase

A

1961-1974
Building blocks of the internet were conceptualized and put into hardware
Original purpose was to link computers across college campuses
Basic ideas and tech were developed

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5
Q

Evolution of the internet: Institutionalization Phase

A

1975-1995
Large institutions provided funding for expanding the internet
1986 - the NSF embarked on a 10 year $200 million project to bring the internet to the public (NSFNET)

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6
Q

Evolution of the internet: Commercialization Phase

A

1995-Present
Private corporations take over the internet and expand it (eg: Google)
Private corps brings the internet to more people every day

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7
Q

Internet (Tech definition)

A

A network that uses the IP addressing scheme, supports the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and makes services available to users much like a telephone system makes voice and data services available to the public

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8
Q

Packet switching

A

A method of slicing digital messages into packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destination

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9
Q

Packets

A

The discrete units into which digital messages are sliced for transmission over the internet

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10
Q

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

A

Protocol: Set of standards and rules for data transfer
TCP: Establishes connections among sending and receiving computers and handles assembly and reassembly of packets
IP: Provides the internet’s addressing scheme and is responsible for delivery of packets

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11
Q

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A

Provides an alternative TCP when the error-checking and correction functionality of TCP is not necessary

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12
Q

Four TCP/IP Layers

A

Network interface layer
Internet layer
Transport layer
Application layer

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13
Q

Network interface layer

A

Responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium

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14
Q

Internet layer

A

Responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing messages on the internet

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15
Q

Transport layer

A

Responsible for providing communication with other protocols (applications) within the TCP/IP suite.

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16
Q

Application layer

A

Includes protocols used to provide user services or exchange data

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17
Q

IPv4 address

A

Expressed as a 32-bit number appearing as a series of 4 separate numbers marked off by periods

Supports up to 2^32 users

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18
Q

IPv6 address

A

Internet address expressed as a 128-bit number

Supports up to 2^128 users

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19
Q

Web server software

A

Enables a computer to deliver web pages to clients on a network that request this service by sending an HTTP request

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20
Q

Web server

A

May refer to either web server software or physical server

21
Q

Web client

A

Any computing device attached to the internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages

22
Q

Cloud computing

A

Model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software, and other services are provided as a shared pool of virtualized resources over the internet

23
Q

Cloud computing essential characteristics

A

On-demand self-service (users can obtain computing capabilities on their own)
Ubiquitous network access (Accessible using standard network and internet devices)
Location-independent resource pooling (resources serve multiple customers)
Rapid elasticity (demand manageable)
Measured service (charges per resource usage)

24
Q

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

A

Customers use processing, storage, networking, and other computing resources from third-party providers called cloud service providers (CSPs) to run their information systems

25
Q

Software as a service (SaaS)

A

Customers use software hosted by the vendor on the vendor’s cloud infrastructure and delivered as a service over a network

26
Q

Platform as a service (PaaS)

A

Customers use infrastructure and programming tools supported by the CSP to develop their own applications

27
Q

Router

A

Special-purpose computer that interconnects the computer networks that make up the internet and routes packets to their destination

28
Q

Routing algorithm

A

Computer program that ensures that packets take the best available path toward their destination

29
Q

Domain name

A

IP address expressed in natural language

30
Q

Domain Name System (DNS)

A

System for expressing numeric IP addresses in a natural language

31
Q

Root servers

A

Central directories that list all domain names currently in use for specific domains

32
Q

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A

The address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web

33
Q

Public cloud

A

Third-party service providers that own and manage large, scalable data centers that offer computing, data storage, and high-speed internet to multiple customers who pay for only the resources they use

eg: Amazon Web Services

34
Q

Benefits of a public cloud

A

Offers relatively secure enterprise-class reliability
Organizations do not need to make large investments in their own hardware and software
Ideal environments for small and medium-sized businesses

35
Q

Private cloud

A

Provides similar options as a public cloud but only to a single tenant

36
Q

Hybrid cloud

A

Offer customers both a public and a private cloud

37
Q

Thin client

A

Less computing power in the client software

eg: Chromebook

38
Q

Client/server computing

A

A model of computing in which clients (various types of devices) are connected in a network with one or more servers

39
Q

Servers

A

Computers that are dedicated to
performing common functions that the clients on the network need, such as file storage, software applications, printing, and Internet access

40
Q

Drawbacks of cloud computing

A

Responsibility for data storage and control is in the hands of the provider
Security risks related to entrusting critical data and systems to third parties
Risks to cloud infrastructure malfunctions
Delays in the processing and transmiting of data

41
Q

Edge computing

A

Optimizes cloud computing by shifting some of the processing and data storage load to servers located closer to end users

42
Q

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

A

The internet protocol used for transferring web pages
Runs in the application layer of the TCP/IP model

43
Q

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A

Part of the TCP/IP protocol that permits users to transfer files from the server to their client computer and vice versa

44
Q

Telnet

A

Protocol that enables remote logins

45
Q

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

A

Original protocol enabling secure communications between a client and server over the internet. Now replaced by the transport layer security protocol (TLS)

46
Q

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

A

Helps secure e-commerce communications and payments through a variety of techniques such as message encryption and digital signatures

47
Q

Package Internet Groper (PING)

A

Utility program that allows you to check the connection between client computer and a TCP/IP network

48
Q

Tracert

A

Route-tracing utility that allows you to follow the path of a message you send from your client to a remote computer on the internet

49
Q

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

A

Within the application layer, enables exchange of routing information among different autonomous systems on the internet

INSY440 (19 decks)

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