Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Top 100 Drugs (Brand-Generic) > Dyslipidemia > Flashcards

Dyslipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

PrevaLITE; Questran; Questran Light

A

CholesTYRAMINE

MOA: Bile ACID seq

SE: no systemic absorption

  • constipation, bloating, nausea, gas
  • Impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
  • SEPERATE FROM ALL MEDS*

Caution: may ^ TG. Dont use if > 400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Colestid; micronized colestipol HCL tab

A

Colestipol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Welchol

A

Colesevelam

MOA: BAS

TABS: max 6 tabs/day

used as add-on for TYPE 2 DM

Caution: caution in patients with HIGH TG, may increase TG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Niacin-50; Slo-Niacin; Niacor; Niaspan

A

Niacin/ nicotinic acid/ Vit B3

  • ^ HDL
  • DECREASE TC, LDL, VLDL, TG

SE: flushing and itching, GI DISTRESS, HEPATOTOXIC, HYPERGLYCEMIA, HYPERURICEMIA

  • titrate slowly
  • take AFTER MEALS
  • 325mg of ASA 30-60 min PRIOR*
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What meds can potentially increase URIC ACID?

A

1) Ethambutol + Pyrazinamide (TB)
2) Low dose ASA
3) Chemo drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simcor

A

Simvastatin + Niaspan (ER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

AdviCOR

A

Lovastatin + Niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lipitor

A

Max: 80mg/ day

Increase MYOPATHY w/ Inhibitors and fibrinic acid or niacin

Combos: Caduet and Liptruzet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Caduet

A

Amlodipine + Atorvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

LIPtruZET

A

Ezetimibe + Atorvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Crestor

A

Max: 40mg/day

Max Asians: 20mg/day
Max: 10mg/d for RENAL pts.

  • seperate from ANTAACIDS
  • ^ INR
  • ^ EE, , norgestrel, aldactone, tagmet, ketocon.

Only 10% met by CYP2C9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lescol; Lescol XL

A

Fluvastatin

Max: 80mg/d

CYP2C9 substrate NOT 3A4 so not AS many DI!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mevacor; Altocor; Altoprev (ER)

A

Lovastatin

Max: 80mg/ d WITH FOOD in evening

$$ ME LOVE FOOD$$

DO NOT EXCEED 40mg/d when taking VERAPAMIL, AMIODARONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pravachol

A

Pravastatin

Max: 80mg/d

LESS potential for DRUG INTERACTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Zocor

A

Simvastatin

Max: 40mg/d

Combo: vytorin (simvastatin + ezetimibe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vytorin

A

Simvastatin + zetia

17
Q

Drug Interactions w/ SIMVASTATIN

A

DONT GIVE WITH STRONG 3A4 inhibitors: azoles, clarithromycin, erithromycin, HIV Protease inhibitors, gemfibrozil, Nefazodone, cyclosporine, danazol

Max 10mg/d: VERAPAMIL + DILTIAZEM

max 20mg/d: Amiodarone, AMLODIPINE, Ranolazine

GFJ: avoid more than 1 qrt/ d

18
Q

Livalo

A

Pitavastatin

Max: 4mg/d

Watch out for some DI wirh rifampin and erythromycin

19
Q

Dose EQUIV for STATINS

A

Rosuvastatin - 2.5mg

Atorvastatin - 10mg

Simvastatin - 20mg

Lovastatin - 40mg

Pravastatin - 40mg

Fluvastatin - 80mg

Pitavastatin - 2mg

20
Q

Which statins should be given at NIGHT and which ones dont?

A

Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Simvastatin: HS

Rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin: ANY TIME

21
Q

SE of STATINS

A

GI DISTRESS: most COMMON

HEPATOTOXIC: LFT AT BASELINE ONLY***

Myopathy —> leading to rhabdo

Pravastatin, fluvastatin, and low-dose rosuvastatin are LESS LIKELY to cause muscle symptoms

SE: slight ^ in sugar, REVERSIBLE MEMORY LOSS, upper RESP infections, Rash, Alopecia, HA, OCULAR EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

1) LIVER DISEASE
2) Alcoholism
3) CATEGORY X
4) BREAST FEEDING WOMEN

22
Q

What to MONITOR for STATINS

A

LIPID PANEL: 4-12 wks after starting and then q3-12 months

LFT: @ baseline NO NEED FOR ROUTINE monitoring unless s/s of liver injury: Unexplained nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, pale stool

Muscle ACHES: check CPK if experiencing muscle aches

23
Q

Statin METABOLISM & DI

A

CYP3A4: Lovastatin
Atorvastatin
Simvastatin

CYP2C9: Fluvastatin
Rosuvastatin

Hepatic: Pravastatin

**RED YEAST RICE: identical to LOVASTATIN. Concurrent use can increase ADVERSE EFFECTS.

  • Increase BLEEDING w/ Warfarin
  • May increase DIGOXIN levels

3A4 Inhibitors: antifungals, macrolides, NON-DHP CCB’s, Protease Inhibitors, GFJ

24
Q

Adverse EFFECTS OF FIBRATES

A

Common: nausea, dyspepsia, abd pain

Less common: RASH, GALL BLADDER Stones( cholithiasis), myopathy if with STATIN

Avoid use w: SEVERE RENAL DF, LIVER DISEASE, GALL bladder disease

25
Q

Lopid

A

Gemfibrozil

600mg BID 30 min BEFORE meals

SE: increase myopathy with STATINS
INCREASE INR
STRONG inhibitor

26
Q

Trilipix; Fibricor

A

Fenofibric Acid

Trilipix: ONLY fibrate Approved for use with a STATIN

27
Q

Tricor**,Lipofen, lofibra, Antara micronized, Triglide

A

Fenofibrate

28
Q

Zetia

A

Ezetimibe

CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION INHIBITOR

Indications: adjunct to diet, as monotherapy, or w/ statins

SE: back pain, joint pain, diarrhea, abd pain.

29
Q

Lovaza

A

Omega-3-acid

EPA/DHA

Treats: adjunct to diet to reduce HIGH TG > 500

Dose: 4g QD or 2g BID

SE: bleeding, nausea, diarrhea, hypersen, rash

DI: may increase chance of bleeding

30
Q

vascEPA

A

Icosapent ethyl

Eicosapentoic acid (EPA) in patients w/ TG > 500mg/dl

-only increasing EPA does not increase LDL like EPA/DHA combos cN.

Dose: 2 cap BID w FOOD

SE: Joint pain

DI: may prolong bleeding time

Caution: ShellFish ALLERGY

31
Q

EPAnova

A

Omega-3-carboxylic acids

Indication: EPA + DHA

Dose: 4 caps QD

SE: D/N/ abd pain

Caution:** shellFISH allergy
** prolong BLEEDING time

32
Q

OmTRYG

A

Indication: EPA/DHA

Dose: 4 caps QD or 2 caps BID

CAUTION: allergy to FISH/ SHELLFISH

33
Q

Praluent

A

Alirocumab

MOA: Inhibit degradation of LDLR BY blocking PCSk9 from binding to LDLR

Class: PCSK9 Inhibitor

Dose: SQ once Q2 Weeks

SE: Diarrhea, LFT’s, influenza, myalgia, muscle spm

34
Q

Repatha

A

Evolocumab

PCSK9 inhibitor -SQ- stored in refrigerator

Dose: 140mg Q2 weeks or 420mg once monthly

Administration: SQ

35
Q

ACC/AHA GUIDELINES FOR STATINS

A

If LDL > 190 recommend HIGH-intensity unless > 75 YO

If age 40-75, LDL 70-189 w/ DIABETES, then recommend MODERATE intensity

If age 40-75, LDL 70-189 w/ 10 yr ASCVD risk > 7.5%, then MODERATE INTENSITY

If age 40-75, LDL 70-189, w ASCVD risk > 7.5 + Diabetes, then recommend HIGH INTENSITY STATIN

36
Q

Serum TH levels from normal to not

A

< 150 : Normal

150-199: Borderline HIGH

200-499: HIGH

> 500: VERY HIGH

37
Q

Which drug class DECREASES TG the MOST

A

Fenofibric acid: 41-53%

38
Q

Which statin is the LEAST potent?

A

Lescol(Fluvastatin) is the least potent statin, decreasing LDL by 20-25%

39
Q

Which medications can cause CHOLELITHIASIS(gall-bladder stones)

A

1) FIBRATES**
2) estrogen and COC
3) ceftriaxone
4) octreotide (sandostatin)

Top 100 Drugs (Brand-Generic) (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions