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Top 100 Drugs (Brand-Generic) > Chemo > Flashcards

Chemo Flashcards

1
Q

Platinol

A

CisPlatin

IV ONLY

  • NEPHROTOXIC & OTOTOXIC*
  • Highest occurence of N/V

Protect kidneys - amifostine (Ethyol) & Mannitol

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2
Q

Carboplatin

A

IV ONLY

Less nephrotoxic

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3
Q

Busulfex - IV

Myleran - PO

A

BuSulfan

ALKYLATING AGENT

  • PULMONARY FIBROSIS
  • SEIZURES ( pre-medicate)
  • $$ SKIN RASH
  • Bone Marrow SUPRESSION

Increase URIC ACID; use Allopurinol

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4
Q

CyTOXAN

A

Cyclophosphamide

IV/ PO

  • Hemorrhagic cystitis
  • alopecia

Protect bladder -> IV Fluids, MESNA ( binds to acrolein)

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5
Q

BICNU

A

CarMUSTINE

IV ONLY

  • Pulmonary Fibrosis (CXR)
  • Hepatotoxic (LFT)
  • Nephrotoxic (CMP)
  • LIPID SOLUBLE* —> BRAIN TUMORS!

Carmustine; Prepare in GLASS ONLY

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6
Q

CEENU/ Gleostine

A

Lomustine

PO ONLY

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7
Q

Zanosar

A

Streptozocin - IV ONLY

Pancreatic tumors

Patients develop T1DM as a result of killing all cells in the pancreas

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8
Q

ALKERaN

A

Melphalan IV/PO

Oral: EMPTY STOMACHE

IV: limited STABILITY; use W/I 60 mins

  • Fertility Impairment *
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9
Q

Mustargen-IV

Valchlor - GEL

A

Mechlorethamine

Extravasation- use Na+ THIOSULFATE

Fertility Impairment

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10
Q

Sancuso

Sustol

A

Granisetron

IV 
SQ
PO
TRANSDERMAL PATCH - sustol
SOLUTION
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11
Q

Anzemet

A

DolaSETRON

IV/ PO

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12
Q

AloXi

A

Palonosetran

IV ONLY

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13
Q

Zofran

A

OndanSETRON

IV
ORAL TAB
ODT

*Soluble film

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14
Q

AkynZEO

A

Netupitant 300mg + palonoSETRON

NEPAp

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15
Q

Emend

A

Aprepitant ORAL

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16
Q

Emend IV

A

Fosaprepitant IV

Neurokinin-1 antagonist

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17
Q

Compazine

A

ProchloroPERAZINE

D1 , D2 antagonist

Blocks alpha adrenergic

Blocks cholinergic

Used as an anti-emetic

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18
Q

HexALEN

A

AltretAMINE

  • Neurotoxicity
    - CNS
    - Peripheral Neuropathy

Fertility Impairment

MAO INHIBITORS may cause severe Orthostatic HYPOTENSION

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19
Q

Methotrexate

Indications/ dosage forms

A

Indication: RA, Psoriasis, Oncology,

Off-label: Crohn’s, ectopic pregnancy

Forms: 1) Intrathecal

        2) IV
        3) IM
        4) SC
        5) PO
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20
Q

Methotrexate

Adverse Events/Precautions

A

Hepatotoxic: Avoid alcohol

Nephrotoxic: HYDRATE + Na Bicarb

Drug Interactions: NSAIDS, aspirin, penicillins, probenecid, BACTRIM, PPI’s, IMPAIR MTX EXCRETION.

Pulmonary toxicity—> CXR
Pregnancy category —> X
Photosensitivity —> Use sunscreen

Mucositis ( mouth ulcers)

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21
Q

VoRAXAze

A

GLUCARpiDASE

Used for MTX elimination for patients with RENAL IMPAIRMENT

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22
Q

AdruCIL- IV

Efudex - CREAM

A

Fluorouricil (5-FU)

Increase INR

HAND-FOOT syndrome, Alopecia, neurotox, phototoxicity, mucositis.

Leucovorin added to INCREASE EFFICACY

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23
Q

XeLODA

A

Capecitabine

PRODRUG OF 5-FU

Forms: PO ONLY

BBW: increase INR w/ COUMADIN

Indications: resistant breast cancer
Colorectal carcinoma

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24
Q

PuriNETHOL/puriXAN

A

Mercaptopurine (6-MP)

Form: oral tabs
Oral susp

SE: hepatoxic, HYPERURICEMIa, rash, mucositis, hyperpigmentation of skin

DI: allopurinol/febuxostat increase levels of 6-MP

  Bactrim may enhance myelosupp effects of 6-MP

ANALOGUE OF AZATHIOPRINE USED FOR RA

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25
Q

CytoSTAR

A

CyTARABINE

Forms: IV
IntraThecal - GIVE RIGHT AWAY

Indications: AML
Meningeal LEUKEMIA

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26
Q

FluDARA

A

FludaraBINE

Forms: IV ONLY

SIGNIFICANT IMMUNOSUPP

“AIDS IN A BOTTLE”

Neurotoxicity (IRREVERSIBLE BLINDNESS)

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27
Q

Bleomycin

A

Forms: IV,IM, SUBQ

SE: pulmonary fibrosis - (CXR)
Skin TOXICITY

No more than 400 units of lifetime doses

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28
Q

AdriaMYCIN

A

DoxoRUBicin/ DaunoRUBicin

IRREVERSIBLE CHF - due to IRON

Give DEXrazoxane (Zinecard: Fe chelator)
PROTECTS AGAINST CARDIOTOXICITY

Lifetime DOSAGE: 550mg/m^2

URINE: RED LIKE RUBY

Extravasation$$

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29
Q

ValSTAR

A

ValRUBicin

BLADDER CANCER: intraVESICAL

Urine: RED FOR RUBY

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30
Q

Dactinomycin

A
  • IV ONLY
  • EXTREME EXTRAVASATION
  • toxic inhalation of VAPORS
  • contraindicated w/ active chk pox or HERPES zoster
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31
Q

NovoANTRONE

A

MitoxANTRONE

Indication: Acute leukemias; Prostate cancer; multiple sclerosis.

Forms: IV ONLY

Urine-EYES: BLUE DISCOLORATION

*CARDIOTOXICITY: CHF

CARDIOTOXICITY: doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone.

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32
Q

TaxoTERE/ DocefrEZ

A

Docetaxel

Form: IV ONLY

  • SEVERE HYPERSENSITIVITY*
    • premedicate with CORTICOSTEROIDS
  • FLUID RETENTION/ Pulmonary EDEMA: Lasix
  • PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
  • HEPATIC
  • OCULAR ADVERSE EFFECTS
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33
Q

TaXOL

A

PacliTAXEL

IV ONLY

Hypersen: premedicAte

Non-PVC piping ONLY

Ethanol in diluent “drunk-like”

Disulfram rxn w/ meds: Flagyl

CASTOR OIL ALLERGY AVOID

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34
Q

TOpoSTAR/ VP-16

A

Etoposide

Forms: PO - capsules
IV

Caution: HYPOTENSION Infuse slowly over 30-60 mins

EtopoSIDE (VP-16) - capsules: REFRIGERATE

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35
Q

TenipoSIDE

A

Forma: IV

CAUTION: HYPOTENSION***

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36
Q

OniVYDE - Liposomal
Camptosar - Conventional

Hycamtin

A

Irinotecan: onivyde, camptosar
Topotecan: hycamtin

Forms: irinotecan IV ONLY
TOPOTECAN IV AND PO

I RAN TO THE CAN

** SEVERE DIARRHEA AND DEHYDRATION**

-If early —> atropine

If late —> loperamide

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37
Q

Oncovin/ Marqibo

A

VinCRISTINE

MOST CNS TOX

NEVER GIVE INTRATHECALLY

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38
Q

Vinblastine

A

Most BONE MARROW SUPP

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39
Q

Navelbine

A

VinOrelBINE

Most alopecia

Iv ONLY

All vinca alkaloids cause PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

**CONSTIPATION VERY COMMON SO RECOMMENDED TO START WITH A STOOP SOFTENOR

40
Q

GLEEVEC

A

Imatinib mesylate

: TK Inhibitor

With FOOD

41
Q

TarCEVA

A

Erlotinib

Moa: targets EGFR

Treats: lung and pancreatic cancer

W/ empty STOMACHE

42
Q

Tykerb

A

Lapatinib

Treats: breast cancer

Moa: mixed EGFR and HER-2 (ERBB2) inhibitors

Take on EMPTY STOMACH

SITTING ON THE CURB, While someone sitting on your lap

DI: MAJOR CYP4A4 substrate

SE: DIARRHEA, $$HAND-FOOT$$ syndrome

43
Q

TasigNA

A

Nilotinib

Treats: leukemiA

  • take on EMPTY STOMACHE
  • watch for QT
44
Q

VectiBIX

A

Panitumumab

Form: IV ONLY

MOA: EGFR Inhibitor

Treats: colorecal cancer

45
Q

ErbiTUX

A

Cetuximab

Form: IV ONLY

  • USED FOR SOLID TUMORS*

SE: Acneiform RASH

46
Q

AvasTIN

A

Bevacizumab

Form: IV ONLY - mix with NS

USED FOR SOLID TUMORS

MOA: binds to Vascular EndotheliAl Growth Factor
(VEGF)

SE: GI perforation, hemorrhage, hemoptysis, GI bleeding, CNS hemorrhage, epistaxis

47
Q

Zolinza

A

Vorinostat

Indication: lymphoma

Form: PO ONLY

Caution: QT PROLONGATION

Moa: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

48
Q

Beleodaq

A

Belinostat

Form: IV ONLY

MOA: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

49
Q

Istodax

A

Romidepsin

Treats: Lymphom

Form: IV ONLY

MOA: Histone Deactylase Inhibitors

50
Q

Hydrea, droxia

A

HydroxyUREA

Treats: chronic myeloid leukemia
Sickle cell Anemia

Gloves should be worn

51
Q

Thalomide

A

Thalidomide

BIRTH DEFECTS

STEPS PROGRAM

52
Q

PomaLYST

A

Pomalidomide

Used for Multiple myeloma

53
Q

Soltamox: oral sln

A

Tamoxifen

Form: tabs; oral sln

MOA: Non-steroidal antiestrogen (SERM)

Dose: 20mg daily

AR: Hot flashes, CLOTS, Endometrial cancer, hypercalcemia, cataracts, CONTRAINDICATED WITH WARFARIN THERAPY.

SE are like taking estrogen.

54
Q

Tomoxifen

DRUG INTERACTIONS

A

Tamoxifen is a prodrug and not activated until converted by CYP2D6

Strong 2D6 Inhibitors: paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline, duloxetine, bupropion, amiodarone

SUGGEST —> other SSRI’s or Venlafaxine if needed. Switching to aromatase inhibitor would be okay unless woman is premenopausal, which only Tamoxifen treats

55
Q

EviSTA

A

Forms: ORAL

Treats: 1) decrease risk of breast cancer
2) Osteoporosis

Notes: for POST-MEN ONLY

ALT to Tamoxifen

AR: CLOTS

56
Q

Evista

Cont info….

A

Raloxefene is less likely to cause UTERINE CANCER, HYSTERECTOMY, or CATARACTS

Tamoxifen STIMULATES uterine estrogen receptors while Raloxifene BLOCKS them

BBW: CLOTS/ STROKES
- D/C 72 hrs before

57
Q

ArimiDEX

A

Anastrazole

MOA: aromatase INHIBITOR: blocks production of testosterone

SE: Hot Flashes, tumor flare, vaginal bleed, Wt gain, Gi upset

DI: tamoxifen may decrease levels of AI’s

Advantages —> NO INCREASE CALCIUM, CLOTS, OR UTERINE CANCER

58
Q

Femara

A

Letrozole

2.5mg QD

Aromatase INHIBITOR: blocks production of estrogen

59
Q

Aromasin

A

Exemestane

25mg QD

AROMATASE INHIBITORS: Block production of estrogen

60
Q

Ibrance

A

Palbociclib

CDK 4/6 Inhibitor —> g1 and s

ADDED TO AI’s

SE: NEUTROPENIA, PULMONARY EMBOLISM

DI: CYP3A substrate

61
Q

KisQALI

A

Ribociclib

MOA: CDK 4/6 Inhibitor

Treats: Hormone receptor +
HER-2 -

Used in COMBO with Aromatase Inhibitors

DI: substrate of CYP3A4

62
Q

Afinitor

A

Everolimus

MOA: blocks mTOR

Treats: Hormone (+)
HER-2 (-)

They are used along with aromatase Inhibitors

63
Q

Faslodex

A

Fulvestrant

Forms: IM ONLY

MOA: *ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST

Dose: 500mg IM once a month

Precaut/ warning: BLEEDING
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
ANTICOAGULANT USE
HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT

64
Q

Herceptin

A

Trastuzumab

Form: IV ONLY

Treats: HER-2 (+) breast cancer
Her-2 (+) stomache cancer

SE: FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS

BBW: CARDIOTOXICITY (CHF)
PULMONARY TOXICITY
ANAPHYLAXIS OR ANGIOEDEMA

65
Q

Perjeta

A

Pertuzumab

form: ONLY ONLY

MOA: HER-2 receptor antagonist

Indication: ALWAYS given in combination with TRAZTUZUMAB and chemo in HER-2 (+) treatment naive patients

BBW: CARDIAC FAILURE

66
Q

Kadcyla

A

Ado-trastuzumab emtansine

Form: IV ONLY - NS for dilution

BBW: Hepatoxicity, CARDIAC TOX, embryo-fetal toxicity

LAST LINE

67
Q

Ixempro

A

Ixabepilone (PACITAXEL SIMILARITIES)

Treats: BC refractory to other meds

MOA: pothilone microtuble inhibitor

Dosage: IV ONLY, contains CASTOR OIL AND ALCOHOL

SPECIAL NOTE: PRETREAT WITH H1 and H2 BLOCKER 1 hour before

DI: cyp3A4 substrate; AVOID CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors

68
Q

HalaVEN

A

Eribulin mesylate

Forms: IV

MOA: microtuble inhibitor

Indication: patients who have received anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy. Also for patients with TRIPLE-NEGATIVE breast cancer

69
Q

MEGACE

A

Megestrol

Progestin

Indication: appetite stimulant in cancer patients
Advance breast + endometrial cancer

Form: PO

MOA: works like female hormone progesterone to make woman hungry during chemo therapy

SE: * THROMBOEMBOLISM*, wt gain, HOT-FLASHES

70
Q

Zoladex

A

Gosrelin

Forms: SUBQ Q 1M or Q3M
MOA: LH-RH/GnRH Agonist

Indications: PROSTATE, ENDOMETRIOSIS, and Pre-menapausal hormone (+) breast cancer

AR: Tumor flare; give antiestrogen: Flutamide, Biclutamide, Nilutamide until starts working.

  • Pulmonary Embolism and MI
71
Q

Lupron

A

Leuprolide

MOA: LH-RH/GnRH AGONIST

forms: ELigard DEPOT IM
Viadur IMPLANT
Lupaneta Pack (co-package with leuprolide depot IM + norethindrone for endometriosis

SE: tumor growth AT FIRST. GIVE ANTI-estrogens

(Biclutamide, Flutamide,)

72
Q

TrelSTAR

A

Triptorelin

MOA: LH-RH AGONIST

FORMS: IM Q1M or Q3M

73
Q

Firmagon

A

DegaRELIX

Form: SUBQ every 28 days

MOA: LHRH Antagonist

AR: Hot flashes, wt gain, and LFT’s

Treats: prostate cancer

74
Q

Casodex

A

BiclutAMIDE

ANTI-androgen

DI: interacts with WARFARIN

SE: diarrhea

75
Q

Flutamide

A

Flutamide

  • WORST DIARRHEA
  • LIVER DF
  • yellow-green* discoloration
76
Q

Nilandron

A

Nilutamide

Anti-androgen used in combo with LHRH AGONIST

  • Disulfiram like rxn with alcohol
  • Diminished rxn to darkness: Watch Driving
77
Q

XtanDi

A

EnzalutAMiDE

-Refractory to other anti-androgens

SE: SEIZURES

   Avoid inducers/inhibitors
   Warfarin monitoring
78
Q

Nizoral

A

Ketoconazole

  • Reduces levels of test and cortisol
  • SE: hepatic, gynecomastia, N/V, Rash

DI: needs ACIDIC environment
CYP3A4 inhibitor

79
Q

ProscAr

A

FinasTERIDE

Form: oral

Indication: prevent PROSTATE CANCER
BPH

MOA: Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase, the enzyme that converts test —> DHT

Studies show that these drugs seem to lower the risk of less aggressive prostate cancers while increasing the risk of more aggressive cancers

80
Q

AvoDART

A

DutasTERIDE

Indication: Prevention

MOA: Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase which converts test to DHT

81
Q

Provenge

A

Sipuleucel-T

Vaccine to treat advance prostate cancer that is no longer responsive to hormone therapy.

Uses patients immune system to fight against cancer

82
Q

KeytrudA

A

Pembrolizumab

PD-1 inhibitor

By blocking PD-1 keytruda allows the immune system to attack its own cancer cells

Indications: MELANOMA
NON-small cell lung cancer
HEAD & neck cancer

83
Q

Granix/ Neupogen

A

Filgrastim (G-CSF)

TREATS: chemo induced neutropenic fever/infection

84
Q

Neulasta

A

Peg-filgrastim

85
Q

NeumegA

A

Oprelvikin

Chemo induced thrombocytopenia

86
Q

Chemo agents with the MOST chemo-induced PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY (CIPN)

A

Platinum : cis. Carbo, oxali PLATIN

Taxanes: taxels

Epothilones: ixabepilone (Ixempra)

Plant alk: vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide (VP-16)

87
Q

Phosphate binders used for TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME

A

1) calcium CARBONATE
2) calcium ACETATE( Phos-Lo, Eliphos, Phoslyra,
3) sevelamer (Renagel, Renvela)

4 Lanthanum(Fosrenol)

88
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuresis which inhibits tubular reabsorption of water and electrolytes and increases urinary output

ONCE the IV is made, inspect for crystals. If crystals are present, re-dissolve by warming solution and shaking to dissolve

89
Q

How do you protect the heart from HYPERKALEMIA?

A

1) calcium gluconate or calcium chloride to protect the HEART
2) insulin with dextrose to DRIVE Potassium into the cells
3) kay-exalate ( sodium polysterene sulfonate) which will remove excess potassium from the body

90
Q

Renagel

A

Sevelamer Hydrochloride (HCL)

91
Q

Renvela

A

Sevelamer CARBONATE

92
Q

Which vinca alkaloid has the MOST neurotoxicity?

A

VinCRISTINE

93
Q

Which agent has the MOST chemo-Induced DIARRHEA

A

** 1) IrinoTECAN

2) 5-FU, capecitabine

3)
94
Q

Which chemo drugs is most likely to cause CONSTIPATION?

A

1) Vincristine

2) Thalidomide

95
Q

Aromatase Inhibitors

A

Letrozole (Femera)

Anastrozole (Arimidex)

Exemastane (Aromasin)

MOA: prevent conversion of androgens to estrogen in women.

They are NOT USED in premenopausal women as they have NO activity against breast cancer in presence of functional ovaries

96
Q

Which Chemo-Drugs can cause pulmonary toxicity/fibrosis?

A

Amiodarone

Bleomycin

Busulfan

MTX

97
Q

Chemo-Related drugs that can increase the risk of THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS

A

Tamoxifen, Raloxifene, Gosrelin, megestrol

Top 100 Drugs (Brand-Generic) (19 decks)

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